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Review
. 2019 Dec 12;7(4):98.
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines7040098.

The Chemistry, Pharmacology and Therapeutic Potential of the Edible Mushroom Dictyophora indusiata (Vent ex. Pers.) Fischer (Synn. Phallus indusiatus)

Solomon Habtemariam  1
Affiliations
Review

The Chemistry, Pharmacology and Therapeutic Potential of the Edible Mushroom Dictyophora indusiata (Vent ex. Pers.) Fischer (Synn. Phallus indusiatus)

Solomon Habtemariam. Biomedicines. .

Abstract

Dictyophora indusiata (Vent. Ex. Pers.) Fischer or Phallus indusiatus is an edible member of the higher mushroom phylum of Basidiomycetes. Known for its morphological elegance that gave it the names bridal veil fungus, veiled lady or queen of the mushrooms, it has numerous medicinal values that are beginning to be acknowledged through pharmacological efficacy studies. In an attempt to promote research on this valuable natural resource, the present communication aims to provide a comprehensive review of the chemistry, pharmacology and potential therapeutic applications of extracts and compounds isolated from D. indusiata. Of the bioactive compounds, the chemistry of the polysaccharides as major bioactive components primarily the β-(1 → 3)-D-glucan with side branches of β-(1 → 6)-glucosyl units are discussed, while small molecular weight compounds include terpenoids and alkaloids. Biochemical and cellular mechanisms of action from general antioxidant and anti-inflammatory to more specific signaling mechanisms are outlined along with potential applications in cancer and immunotherapy, neurodegenerative and chronic inflammatory diseases, etc. Further research areas and limitations of the current scientific data are also highlighted.

Keywords: Dictyophora indusiata; Phallus indusiata; beta-glucans; cancer; hyperlipidemia; immunotherapy; mushrooms; neurodegenerative diseases; obesity; polysaccharide.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The fruiting body of Dictyophora indusiata. Image curtesy of Wikipedia (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dictyophora_indusiata._Cooktown,_Australia._2010.JPG).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Backbone structure of polysaccharides as 1, 3-β-glucans.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Monoterpenes of D. indusiata.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Eudesmane-type sesquiterpenes of D. indusiata.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The structure of the tricyclic sesquiterpene antibiotic, albaflavenone.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Alkaloids of D. indusiata.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Structures of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furfural and analogues.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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