Identification of new genes of pleomorphic adenoma

Abstract

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common salivary gland neoplasm with a variety of histologic appearances. Due to this diversity, precise preoperative diagnosis through fine needle aspiration cytology is difficult.This study sought to identify the differentially expressed genes in pleomorphic adenoma to aid precise diagnosis and clarify the mechanism of tumorigenesis.Suppressive subtractive hybridization was performed on pleomorphic adenoma tissues and the corresponding normal salivary gland tissues to screen of the differential expression of genes in pleomorphic adenoma.Four known genes (microfibrillar associated protein 4 [MFAP4], dystonin [DST], solute carrier family 35 [SLC35], and potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 15 [KCTD15]) were differentially expressed in the tumors compared with the genes in normal tissues. The expression profiles were further confirmed in 15 pleomorphic adenoma and corresponding normal salivary gland tissues by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.MFAP4, DST, SLC35, and KCTD15 gene expression could be potential biomarkers of pleomorphic adenoma for precise diagnosis.

Figure 1

Classification of genes from SSH libraries. Putative functional classification of 50 genes from the SSH library for which identity was could be inferred. Information on function from the Mouse Genome Informatics database. SSH = suppression subtractive hybridization.

Figure 2

Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of the differentially expressed genes (MFAP4, DST, SLC35, and KCTD15) on 15 pleomorphic adenoma samples and corresponding normal salivary gland tissues. The graph shows the mean and standard deviation. Four expressed genes were statistically significant (^∗P < .05). (A) MFAP4 on pleomorphic adenoma versus corresponding normal salivary gland tissue. (B) DST on pleomorphic adenoma versus corresponding normal salivary gland tissue. (C) SLC35 on pleomorphic adenoma versus corresponding normal salivary gland tissue. (D) KCTD15 on pleomorphic adenoma versus corresponding normal salivary gland tissue. DST = dystonin, KCTD15 = potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 15, MFAP4 = microfibrillar associated protein 4, PCR = polymerase chain reaction, SLC35 = solute carrier family 35.