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. 2020 Apr:103:106248.
doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106248. Epub 2019 Dec 9.

Paternal and maternal prescription opioid use and misuse: General and specific risks for early adolescents' substance use

David C R Kerr  1 , Stacey S Tiberio  2 , Deborah M Capaldi  3 , Lee D Owen  4
Affiliations

Paternal and maternal prescription opioid use and misuse: General and specific risks for early adolescents' substance use

David C R Kerr et al. Addict Behav. 2020 Apr.

Abstract

Background: Parent substance use is a risk factor early adolescents' substance use. Theoretical models of deviance and general substance use risk may not apply to risk-transmission pathways involving parents' prescription opioid misuse (POM) and child outcomes. Thus, we examined predictions of children's alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana (ATM) use in early adolescence, from parental POM, delinquency, depressive symptoms, and ATM use.

Method: Children (n = 216; 121 female) participated from early childhood to ages 11-12 or 13-14 years with their 111 fathers and 136 mothers. At all available waves, self-reports were collected on each parents' POM, ATM, prescription opioid use (POU), depressive symptoms, and delinquent behavior, and children's ATM use.

Results: Poisson regressions were run separately by parent, controlled for child age and gender and paternal age at child's birth, and accounted for clustering of children in families. Child ATM use was predicted by paternal POM, but the effect was better explained by paternal ATM use, which was a stronger effect in families with higher father-child residential contact. In contrast and unexpectedly, mothers' POU but not POM predicted child ATM use, and the effect was not explained by the significant predictions from maternal ATM use and delinquency.

Conclusion: Fathers' POM and mothers' POU predicted child ATM use by early adolescence. Findings generally were consistent with parent-child risk-transmission processes described for other substances. Resident fathers' substance use and multiple maternal risk factors are worthy foci for prevention of the intergenerational transmission of substance use.

Keywords: Adolescence; Community sample; Longitudinal; Marijuana; Prescription opioid.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest

All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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