Quantum-Enhanced Advanced LIGO Detectors in the Era of Gravitational-Wave Astronomy

M Tse¹, Haocun Yu¹, N Kijbunchoo², A Fernandez-Galiana¹, P Dupej³, L Barsotti¹, C D Blair⁴, D D Brown⁵, S E Dwyer⁶, A Effler⁴, M Evans¹, P Fritschel¹, V V Frolov⁴, A C Green⁷, G L Mansell^{1

6}, F Matichard^{1

8}, N Mavalvala¹, D E McClelland², L McCuller¹, T McRae², J Miller¹, A Mullavey⁴, E Oelker¹, I Y Phinney¹, D Sigg⁶, B J J Slagmolen², T Vo⁹, R L Ward², C Whittle¹, R Abbott⁸, C Adams⁴, R X Adhikari⁸, A Ananyeva⁸, S Appert⁸, K Arai⁸, J S Areeda¹⁰, Y Asali¹¹, S M Aston⁴, C Austin¹², A M Baer¹³, M Ball¹⁴, S W Ballmer⁹, S Banagiri¹⁵, D Barker⁶, J Bartlett⁶, B K Berger¹⁶, J Betzwieser⁴, D Bhattacharjee¹⁷, G Billingsley⁸, S Biscans^{1

8}, R M Blair⁶, N Bode^{18

19}, P Booker^{18

19}, R Bork⁸, A Bramley⁴, A F Brooks⁸, A Buikema¹, C Cahillane⁸, K C Cannon²⁰, X Chen²¹, A A Ciobanu⁵, F Clara⁶, S J Cooper²², K R Corley¹¹, S T Countryman¹¹, P B Covas²³, D C Coyne⁸, L E H Datrier³, D Davis⁹, C Di Fronzo²², J C Driggers⁶, T Etzel⁸, T M Evans⁴, J Feicht⁸, P Fulda⁷, M Fyffe⁴, J A Giaime^{4

12}, K D Giardina⁴, P Godwin²⁴, E Goetz^{12

17}, S Gras¹, C Gray⁶, R Gray³, Anchal Gupta⁸, E K Gustafson⁸, R Gustafson²⁵, J Hanks⁶, J Hanson⁴, T Hardwick¹², R K Hasskew⁴, M C Heintze⁴, A F Helmling-Cornell¹⁴, N A Holland², J D Jones⁶, S Kandhasamy²⁶, S Karki¹⁴, M Kasprzack⁸, K Kawabe⁶, P J King⁶, J S Kissel⁶, Rahul Kumar⁶, M Landry⁶, B B Lane¹, B Lantz¹⁶, M Laxen⁴, Y K Lecoeuche⁶, J Leviton²⁵, J Liu^{18

19}, M Lormand⁴, A P Lundgren²⁷, R Macas²⁸, M MacInnis¹, D M Macleod²⁸, S Márka¹¹, Z Márka¹¹, D V Martynov²², K Mason¹, T J Massinger¹, R McCarthy⁶, S McCormick⁴, J McIver⁸, G Mendell⁶, K Merfeld¹⁴, E L Merilh⁶, F Meylahn^{18

19}, T Mistry²⁹, R Mittleman¹, G Moreno⁶, C M Mow-Lowry²², S Mozzon²⁷, T J N Nelson⁴, P Nguyen¹⁴, L K Nuttall²⁸, J Oberling⁶, R J Oram⁴, B O'Reilly⁴, C Osthelder⁸, D J Ottaway⁵, H Overmier⁴, J R Palamos¹⁴, W Parker^{4

30}, E Payne³¹, A Pele⁴, C J Perez⁶, M Pirello⁶, H Radkins⁶, K E Ramirez³², J W Richardson⁸, K Riles²⁵, N A Robertson^{3

8}, J G Rollins⁸, C L Romel⁶, J H Romie⁴, M P Ross³³, K Ryan⁶, T Sadecki⁶, E J Sanchez⁸, L E Sanchez⁸, T R Saravanan²⁶, R L Savage⁶, D Schaetzl⁸, R Schnabel³⁴, R M S Schofield¹⁴, E Schwartz⁴, D Sellers⁴, T J Shaffer⁶, J R Smith¹⁰, S Soni¹², B Sorazu³, A P Spencer³, K A Strain³, L Sun⁸, M J Szczepańczyk⁷, M Thomas⁴, P Thomas⁶, K A Thorne⁴, K Toland³, C I Torrie⁸, G Traylor⁴, A L Urban¹², G Vajente⁸, G Valdes¹², D C Vander-Hyde⁹, P J Veitch⁵, K Venkateswara³³, G Venugopalan⁸, A D Viets³⁵, C Vorvick⁶, M Wade³⁶, J Warner⁶, B Weaver⁶, R Weiss¹, B Willke^{18

19}, C C Wipf⁸, L Xiao⁸, H Yamamoto⁸, M J Yap², Hang Yu¹, L Zhang⁸, M E Zucker^{1

8}, J Zweizig⁸

Affiliations

¹ Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
² OzGrav, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia.
³ SUPA, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
⁴ LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, Louisiana 70754, USA.
⁵ OzGrav, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
⁶ LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
⁷ University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
⁸ LIGO, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
⁹ Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA.
¹⁰ California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California 92831, USA.
¹¹ Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
¹² Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA.
¹³ Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA.
¹⁴ University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA.
¹⁵ University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
¹⁶ Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
¹⁷ Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA.
¹⁸ Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
¹⁹ Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
²⁰ RESCEU, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
²¹ OzGrav, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
²² University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
²³ Universitat de les Illes Balears, IAC3-IEEC, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
²⁴ The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
²⁵ University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
²⁶ Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune 411007, India.
²⁷ University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, United Kingdom.
²⁸ Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom.
²⁹ The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
³⁰ Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA.
³¹ OzGrav, School of Physics & Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia.
³² The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas 78520, USA.
³³ University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
³⁴ Universität Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
³⁵ Concordia University Wisconsin, 2800 N Lake Shore Dr, Mequon, Wisconsin 53097, USA.
³⁶ Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio 43022, USA.

PMID: 31868462
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.231107

Free article

Quantum-Enhanced Advanced LIGO Detectors in the Era of Gravitational-Wave Astronomy

M Tse et al. Phys Rev Lett. 2019.

Free article

. 2019 Dec 6;123(23):231107.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.231107.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
² OzGrav, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia.
³ SUPA, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
⁴ LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, Louisiana 70754, USA.
⁵ OzGrav, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
⁶ LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
⁷ University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
⁸ LIGO, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
⁹ Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA.
¹⁰ California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California 92831, USA.
¹¹ Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
¹² Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA.
¹³ Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA.
¹⁴ University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA.
¹⁵ University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
¹⁶ Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
¹⁷ Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA.
¹⁸ Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
¹⁹ Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
²⁰ RESCEU, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
²¹ OzGrav, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
²² University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
²³ Universitat de les Illes Balears, IAC3-IEEC, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
²⁴ The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
²⁵ University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
²⁶ Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune 411007, India.
²⁷ University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, United Kingdom.
²⁸ Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom.
²⁹ The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
³⁰ Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA.
³¹ OzGrav, School of Physics & Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia.
³² The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas 78520, USA.
³³ University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
³⁴ Universität Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
³⁵ Concordia University Wisconsin, 2800 N Lake Shore Dr, Mequon, Wisconsin 53097, USA.
³⁶ Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio 43022, USA.

PMID: 31868462
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.231107

Abstract

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) has been directly detecting gravitational waves from compact binary mergers since 2015. We report on the first use of squeezed vacuum states in the direct measurement of gravitational waves with the Advanced LIGO H1 and L1 detectors. This achievement is the culmination of decades of research to implement squeezed states in gravitational-wave detectors. During the ongoing O3 observation run, squeezed states are improving the sensitivity of the LIGO interferometers to signals above 50 Hz by up to 3 dB, thereby increasing the expected detection rate by 40% (H1) and 50% (L1).

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Quantum-Enhanced Advanced LIGO Detectors in the Era of Gravitational-Wave Astronomy

Affiliations

Quantum-Enhanced Advanced LIGO Detectors in the Era of Gravitational-Wave Astronomy

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

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