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. 2020 Jan;27(1):358-362.
doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.10.005. Epub 2019 Oct 22.

Molecular identification and diversity analysis of dental bacteria in diabetic and non-diabetic females from Saudi Arabia

Mohammad I Al-Obaida  1 , Alaa K M Al-Nakhli  2 , Ibrahim A Arif  2 , Asmaa Faden  3 , Sahar Al-Otaibi  3 , Bushra Al-Eid  3 , Aishah Ekhzaimy  4 , Haseeb A Khan  5
Affiliations

Molecular identification and diversity analysis of dental bacteria in diabetic and non-diabetic females from Saudi Arabia

Mohammad I Al-Obaida et al. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2020 Jan.

Abstract

Periodontal disease is a chronic infectious disease, which is characterized by the damaged dental hard tissue by lactic acid generated by microorganisms after the fermentation of carbohydrates rich diet. The risk of periodontal disease is known to be higher in diabetic patients. We compared the diversity of five commonly occurring dental bacteria including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Capnocytophaga ochracea, Prevotella intermedia, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in 14 type-2 diabetic patients and equal numbers of healthy controls. The subgingival samples were collected using sterile paper points. We used 16S rRNA sequence specific primers for PCR-based identification of dental bacteria. Our results showed that A. actinomycetemcomitans was completely absent in control subjects but present in 43% of diabetic patients. C. ochracea was highly prevalent in diabetic patients (100%) as compared to controls (28.5%). The frequency of other three bacterial species was also higher in diabetic patients than control subjects. These findings indicate that dental bacteria are highly prevalent in subgingival pockets of diabetic patients. Therefore, proper monitoring of diabetic patients for dental care is important to prevent bacterial growth and its sequela in risky individuals. Further case-control studies using larger sample size would help in validating the association between oral diseases and diabetes.

Keywords: Dental bacteria; Diabetes; Identification; PCR.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Representative gel images showing the specific bands for different bacteria. Abbreviations are Pg, P. gingivalis; Tf, T. forsythia; Co, C. ochracea; Pi, P. intermedia; Aa, A. actinomycetemcomitans.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Comparative prevalence of dental bacteria in controls and diabetic patients. *P < 0.05 versus control group using Fisher’s exact test. Abbreviations are Pg, P. gingivalis; Tf, T. forsythia; Co, C. ochracea; Pi, P. intermedia; Aa, A. actinomycetemcomitans.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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