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Review
. 2019 Dec 20:17:7.
doi: 10.1186/s12953-019-0155-y. eCollection 2019.

Chronic kidney disease: a review of proteomic and metabolomic approaches to membranous glomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and IgA nephropathy biomarkers

Amir Taherkhani  1 , Reyhaneh Farrokhi Yekta  2 , Maede Mohseni  3 , Massoud Saidijam  1 , Afsaneh Arefi Oskouie  4
Affiliations
Review

Chronic kidney disease: a review of proteomic and metabolomic approaches to membranous glomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and IgA nephropathy biomarkers

Amir Taherkhani et al. Proteome Sci. .

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global health problem annually affecting millions of people around the world. It is a comprehensive syndrome, and various factors may contribute to its occurrence. In this study, it was attempted to provide an accurate definition of chronic kidney disease; followed by focusing and discussing on molecular pathogenesis, novel diagnosis approaches based on biomarkers, recent effective antigens and new therapeutic procedures related to high-risk chronic kidney disease such as membranous glomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and IgA nephropathy, which may lead to end-stage renal diseases. Additionally, a considerable number of metabolites and proteins that have previously been discovered and recommended as potential biomarkers of various CKDs using '-omics-' technologies, proteomics, and metabolomics were reviewed.

Keywords: Biomarker; Focal segmental glomerulonephritis; IgA nephropathy; Membranous glomerulonephritis; Proteomics.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The progression of MGN: (a) Stage Ι. (b) Stage ΙΙ. (c) Stage ΙΙΙ. (d) Stage ΙV. The images are a schematic from inside the glomeruli
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The normal glomerulus in Bowman’s capsule is shown with no signs of sclerosis
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Four different subtypes of FSGS are shown according to the columbia classification. (a) Tip lesion FSGS. (b) Perihilar FSGS. (c) Cellular FSGS. (d) Collapsing FSGS
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The schematic images representing the progression of disease in IgAN. (a) The initial stage of the disease by deposition of immune complexes in the mesangial area of Bowman’s capsule. (b) Proliferation of the mesangial cells. (c) Proliferation of mesangial cells accompanied by matrix expansion
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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