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. 2019 Jul 25;18(2):389-399.
doi: 10.1007/s40200-019-00424-z. eCollection 2019 Dec.

A nutrigenetic approach for investigating the relationship between vitamin B12 status and metabolic traits in Indonesian women

S Surendran  1 , A S Aji  2 , U Ariyasra  2 , S R Sari  2 , S G Malik  3 , N Tasrif  4 , F F Yani  5 , J A Lovegrove  1   6 , I R Sudji  7 , N I Lipoeto  8 , Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran  1   6
Affiliations

A nutrigenetic approach for investigating the relationship between vitamin B12 status and metabolic traits in Indonesian women

S Surendran et al. J Diabetes Metab Disord. .

Abstract

Purpose: Adverse effects of maternal vitamin B12 deficiency have been linked to major clinical outcomes, including increased body mass index and gestational diabetes, however, less is known about vitamin B12 nutrition in non-pregnant women. Hence, the aim of the present study was to explore the relationships between metabolic traits and vitamin B12 status in a cohort of healthy Indonesian women and to investigate whether these relationships were modified by dietary intake using a genetic approach.

Methods: A total of 117 Minangkabau women (aged 25-60 years), from the city of Padang, West Sumatra underwent anthropometric, biochemical, dietary intake analysis and genetic tests. Genetic risk scores (GRS) based on nine vitamin B12 associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (B12-GRS) and nine metabolic SNPs (metabolic-GRS) were constructed.

Results: The B12-GRS and metabolic-GRS had no effect on vitamin B12 (P > 0.160) and metabolic traits (P > 0.085). However, an interaction was observed between the B12-GRS and dietary fibre intake (g) on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) levels (P interaction = 0.042), where among those who consumed a low fibre diet (4.90 ± 1.00 g/day), individuals carrying ≥9 risk alleles for vitamin B12 deficiency had significantly higher HbA1C levels (P = 0.025) compared to those carrying ≤8 risk alleles.

Conclusion: Our study showed a significant impact of the B12-GRS on HbA1C concentrations through the influence of a dietary factor, however, our study failed to provide evidence for an impact of metabolic-GRS on lowering B12 concentrations. Further replication studies utilizing larger sample sizes are needed to confirm our findings.

Keywords: Glycated haemoglobin; Indonesian; Metabolic traits; Nutrigenetics; Vitamin B12 pathway; Waist circumference.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interestsAll authors declare that there is no conflict of interest associated with their contribution to this manuscript.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow chart of the subject recruitment process
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Diagram representing the study design. Four possible associations, and four possible interactions were examined. One-sided arrows with unbroken lines represent genetic associations and one-sided arrows with broken lines represent interactions between a GRS and a lifestyle factor on serum vitamin B12/ metabolic traits (such as glucose, insulin, HbA1c, BMI, WC and body fat percentage). The association of the metabolic-GRS with vitamin B12 concentrations and metabolic disease-related traits and the association of B12 –GRS with vitamin B12 concentrations and metabolic disease related traits were tested. Lastly, the impact of lifestyle factors (macronutrient intakes and physical activity levels) on these genetic associations was investigated
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Interaction between the B12-GRS and dietary fibre intake (g) on log HbAC1 (ng/ml) (Pinteraction = 0.042). Among those who consumed a low fibre diet, individuals who carried 9 or more risk alleles had significantly higher levels of log HbAC1 compared to individuals carrying 8 or less risk alleles (P = 0.025)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Interaction between the metabolic-GRS and protein energy (%) on log waist circumference (Pinteraction = 0.032). Among those who consumed a low protein diet, individuals who carried 5 or more risk alleles had significantly lower waist circumference measurements compared to individuals carrying 4 or less risk alleles (P = 0.027)
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