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. 2020 Jan 3;192(2):87.
doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-8038-3.

Airborne fungi spores distribution in various locations in Lagos, Nigeria

Adeyinka Odebode  1   2 , Adedotun Adekunle  3 , Jason Stajich  4 , Peter Adeonipekun  3
Affiliations

Airborne fungi spores distribution in various locations in Lagos, Nigeria

Adeyinka Odebode et al. Environ Monit Assess. .

Abstract

Exposure to outside air microorganisms especially fungi has been linked with illness such as allergic respiratory symptoms, rhinitis, asthma, and infection such as mycosis. Airborne fungal composition was sampled from five locations in Lagos State, Nigeria, between May 2014 and April 2016. Fungi spores were collected using the sedimentation plate method with the Petri dishes of dichloran-glycerol 18 (DG-18) and potato dextrose agar (PDA) media. Fungi sporulated faster on DG-18 agar plate as compared with PDA. The abundances of fungal spores collected monthly at the locations varied. The most abundant spores came from the fungi were Aspergillus niger (14.47%), Aspergillus sydowii (10.37%), and Aspergillus flavus (7.93%). Additional species were present in the collections including Ascomycetes: Penicillium funiculosum (5.49%), Neurospora crassa (5.32%), Penicillium oxalicum (4.71%), Penicillium pinophilum (2.88%), Fusarium verticillioides (3.05%), Penicillium simplicissimum (1.83%), Aphaderanum sp. (0.22%), Curvularia sp. (0.22%), Aspergillus oryzae (0.22%), and Paecilomyces sp. (0.61%) and the Mucoromycotina Zygomycetes: Rhizopus oryzae (4.10%) and Mucor sp. (3.44%). Fungal concentrations were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) during the rainy season compared with the dry season. Aspergillus and Penicillium were the most predominant airborne fungal genera while Mucor, Alternaria, and Cladosporium were some of the least observed. Generally, abundance of fungi was significantly high during the wet season in all the studied locations.

Keywords: Airborne; Fungi; Lagos.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Map showing sampling locations of air spores from different locations in Lagos State, Nigeria
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Abundance of fungal spores in different locations in Lagos State
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Abundance of fungi isolated in Iba, Lagos state
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Abundance of fungi isolated in Ikorodu, Lagos State
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Abundance of fungi isolated in Ikeja, Lagos State
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Abundance of fungi isolated in Victoria Island, Lagos State
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Abundance of fungi isolated in Oshodi, Lagos State
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Frequency of fungi occurrence in Lagos, State
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
Multivariate linear regression between fungal spore abundance and rainfall in Lagos
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
Multivariate linear regression between fungal spore abundance and relative humidity in Lagos
Fig. 11
Fig. 11
Multivariate linear regression between fungal spore abundance and temperature in Lagos
Fig. 12
Fig. 12
Multivariate linear regression between fungal spore abundance and wind speed in Lagos
Fig. 13
Fig. 13
Meteorological data for Lagos State during the period of fungi collection. Source: Nigerian Meteorological Agency
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