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. 2020 Jan;146(2):363-371.
doi: 10.1007/s11060-019-03387-6. Epub 2020 Jan 4.

Adding DSC PWI and DWI to BT-RADS can help identify postoperative recurrence in patients with high-grade gliomas

Yuelong Yang  1 , Yunjun Yang  1 , Xiaoling Wu  1 , Yi Pan  2 , Dong Zhou  3 , Hongdan Zhang  2 , Yonglu Chen  1 , Jiayun Zhao  1 , Zihua Mo  1 , Biao Huang  4
Affiliations

Adding DSC PWI and DWI to BT-RADS can help identify postoperative recurrence in patients with high-grade gliomas

Yuelong Yang et al. J Neurooncol. 2020 Jan.

Abstract

Background: The Brain Tumor Reporting and Data System (BT-RADS) category 3 is suitable for identifying cases with intermediate probability of tumor recurrence that do not meet the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria for progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the added value of dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion-weighted imaging (DSC PWI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to BT-RADS for differentiating tumor recurrence from non-recurrence in postoperative high-grade glioma (HGG) patients with category 3 lesions.

Methods: Patients with BT-RADS category 3 lesions were included. The maximal relative cerebral blood volume (rCBVmax) and the mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmean) values were measured. The added value of DSC PWI and DWI to BT-RADS was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results: Fifty-one of 91 patients had tumor recurrence, and 40 patients did not. There were significant differences in rCBVmax and ADCmean between the tumor recurrence group and non-recurrence group. Compared to BT-RADS alone, the addition of DSC PWI to BT-RADS increased the area under curve (AUC) from 0.76 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.66-0.84) to 0.90 (95% CI 0.81-0.95) for differentiating tumor recurrence from non-recurrence. The addition of DWI to BT-RADS increased the AUC from 0.76 (95% CI 0.66-0.84) to 0.88 (95% CI 0.80-0.94). The combination of BT-RADS, DSC PWI, and DWI exhibited the best diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.95; 95% CI 0.88-0.98) for differentiating tumor recurrence from non-recurrence.

Conclusion: Adding DSC PWI and DWI to BT-RADS can significantly improve the diagnostic performance for differentiating tumor recurrence from non-recurrence in BT-RADS category 3 lesions.

Keywords: Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging; High-grade glioma; Perfusion magnetic resonance imaging; Recurrence; Structured template.

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