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Review
. 2020 Jan 2;12(1):133.
doi: 10.3390/nu12010133.

The Evolving Microbiome from Pregnancy to Early Infancy: A Comprehensive Review

María Dolores Mesa  1   2 , Begoña Loureiro  3 , Iris Iglesia  4   5 , Sergi Fernandez Gonzalez  6   7 , Elisa Llurba Olivé  8   9   10 , Oscar García Algar  6   11 , María José Solana  12 , Mª Jesús Cabero Perez  13 , Talia Sainz  14   15   16 , Leopoldo Martinez  15   17 , Diana Escuder-Vieco  18 , Anna Parra-Llorca  19 , María Sánchez-Campillo  20 , Gerardo Rodriguez Martinez  5   21 , Dolores Gómez Roig  6   7 , Myriam Perez Gruz  6   7 , Vicente Andreu-Fernández  6   11 , Jordi Clotet  6   11 , Sebastian Sailer  6   11 , Isabel Iglesias-Platas  6   7   22 , Jesús López-Herce  12 , Rosa Aras  15 , Carmen Pallás-Alonso  18 , Miguel Saenz de Pipaon  23 , Máximo Vento  19 , María Gormaz  19 , Elvira Larqué Daza  20 , Cristina Calvo  14   15   16   24 , Fernando Cabañas  25
Affiliations
Review

The Evolving Microbiome from Pregnancy to Early Infancy: A Comprehensive Review

María Dolores Mesa et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Pregnancy induces a number of immunological, hormonal, and metabolic changes that are necessary for the mother to adapt her body to this new physiological situation. The microbiome of the mother, the placenta and the fetus influence the fetus growth and undoubtedly plays a major role in the adequate development of the newborn infant. Hence, the microbiome modulates the inflammatory mechanisms related to physiological and pathological processes that are involved in the perinatal progress through different mechanisms. The present review summarizes the actual knowledge related to physiological changes in the microbiota occurring in the mother, the fetus, and the child, both during neonatal period and beyond. In addition, we approach some specific pathological situations during the perinatal periods, as well as the influence of the type of delivery and feeding.

Keywords: allergy; critical illness; fetus; infancy; microbiome; newborn; placenta; pregnancy; sepsis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Alpha-diversity changes in gut microbiota during pregnancy.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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