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. 2019 Dec 2;6(2):e001187.
doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001187. eCollection 2019.

Twelve-month outcome in patients with stroke and atrial fibrillation not suitable to oral anticoagulant strategy: the WATCH-AF registry

Celine Guidoux  1 , Elena Meseguer  1 , Elodie Ong  2 , Philippa C Lavallée  1 , Cristina Hobeanu  1 , Linsay Monteiro-Tavares  1 , Hugo Charles  1 , Lucie Cabrejo  1 , Anna Martin-Bechet  1 , Ricardo Rigual  1 , Norbert Nighoghossian  2 , Pierre Amarenco  1
Affiliations

Twelve-month outcome in patients with stroke and atrial fibrillation not suitable to oral anticoagulant strategy: the WATCH-AF registry

Celine Guidoux et al. Open Heart. .

Abstract

Aims: Long-term oral anticoagulant (LTOAC) reduces ischaemic stroke recurrences. Because of bleeding history, frailty, cognitive impairment, comorbidities or patient refusal, many cannot be discharged from stroke unit on LTOAC. Proportion and outcome of these patients is not well known.

Methods: The Warfarin Aspirin Ten-a inhibitor Cerebral infarction and Haemorrhage and atrial fibrillation (AF) prospective registry enrolled consecutive patients with an acute stroke associated with AF. Scales to evaluate stroke severity, disability, functional independence, cognition, risk of fall, ischaemic and haemorrhagic risk stratification were systematically collected at admission, discharge, 3 and 12 months poststroke. The two main 12-month endpoints were death or dependency (modified Rankin Scale >3) and recurrent stroke.

Results: Among 400 patients (370 brain infarctions, 30 brain haemorrhages), 274 were discharged on LTOAC, 31 died before discharge and 95 (24%) were not discharge on anticoagulant (frailty, bedridden or demented, EHRA/ESC contraindication to anticoagulant). Death or dependency and recurrent stroke occurred in 19.8% and 9.9%, respectively, in patient on anticoagulant, and 33.5% and 27.2% in those not on anticoagulant (both p<0.001). Patient not anticoagulated at discharge had a 1.6-fold increase in the risk of death or dependency at 12 months (HR 1.65; 95% CI 1.05 to 2.61; p=0.032) and a 2.5-fold increase in the risk of stroke (HR 2.46; 95% CI 1.36 to 4.44; p=0.003).

Conclusions: One-fourth of patients with stroke associated with AF are not discharged on anticoagulation and have a dramatic increase in the risk of death or dependency at 12 months as well as recurrent stroke. Alternative treatments should be trialled in these patients.

Keywords: atrial fibrillation; epidemiology; stroke.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: NN reports the following relationships: receipt of research grants support from Pfizer, Sanofi, from The French National Research Agency and consultancy fees from Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bayer et Amgen. PA reports receipt of research grant support from Pfizer, Sanofi, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Merck, AstraZeneca, Boston Scientific and from the French government, and consulting fees from Pfizer, BMS, Merck, Boehringer-Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Daiichi-Sankyo, Edwards, Boston Scientific, Kowa, GSK, Fibrogen, Amgen, Shin Poong, Gilead, and lecture fees from Bayer, St-Jude Medical, Amgen, Pfizer, Sanofi.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Twelve-month risk of death or dependency (from stroke onset to 12 months) according to treatment groups: long-term oral anticoagulant strategy (LTOAC) versus not on an LTOAC (no LTOAC).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Twelve-month risk of brain infarction or brain haemorrhage (from stroke onset to 12 months) according to treatment groups: long-term oral anticoagulant strategy (LTOAC) versus not on an LTOAC (no LTOAC).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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