Pilot Study Evaluating Critical Time Intervention for Individuals With Hoarding Disorder at Risk for Eviction

Andrea M Millen¹, Amanda Levinson¹, Omer Linkovski¹, Lee Shuer¹, Tracey Thaler¹, Gilbert A Nick¹, Gaël Krajzman Johns¹, Sylvanna M Vargas¹, Kim Aisling Rottier¹, Emily Joyner¹, Robyn B Girson¹, Jordana Zwerling¹, Danae Sonnenfeld¹, Arvra Michelle Shapiro¹, Audrey Tannen¹, Sarah Conover¹, Susan Essock¹, Daniel Herman¹, Helen Blair Simpson¹, Carolyn I Rodriguez¹

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Affiliation

¹ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California (Millen, Linkovski, Zwerling, Rodriguez); Department of Clinical Psychology, Stony Brook University, New York (Levinson); Mutual Support Consulting, Easthampton, Massachusetts (Shuer); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Thaler, Rottier, Joyner, Girson, Sonnenfeld, Simpson); Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York (Nick); Eviction Intervention Services, New York (Johns, Shapiro, Tannen); Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Vargas); Silberman School of Social Work, Hunter College, New York (Conover, Herman); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York (Essock, Simpson); Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (Rodriguez). Marcela Horvitz-Lennon, M.D., and Kenneth Minkoff, M.D., are editors of this column.

PMID: 31910750
PMCID: PMC7682930
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201900447

Pilot Study Evaluating Critical Time Intervention for Individuals With Hoarding Disorder at Risk for Eviction

Andrea M Millen et al. Psychiatr Serv. 2020.

. 2020 Apr 1;71(4):405-408.

doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201900447. Epub 2020 Jan 8.

Authors

Affiliation

¹ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California (Millen, Linkovski, Zwerling, Rodriguez); Department of Clinical Psychology, Stony Brook University, New York (Levinson); Mutual Support Consulting, Easthampton, Massachusetts (Shuer); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Thaler, Rottier, Joyner, Girson, Sonnenfeld, Simpson); Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York (Nick); Eviction Intervention Services, New York (Johns, Shapiro, Tannen); Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (Vargas); Silberman School of Social Work, Hunter College, New York (Conover, Herman); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York (Essock, Simpson); Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (Rodriguez). Marcela Horvitz-Lennon, M.D., and Kenneth Minkoff, M.D., are editors of this column.

PMID: 31910750
PMCID: PMC7682930
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201900447

Abstract

Hoarding disorder has significant health consequences, including the devastating threat of eviction. In this pilot study, critical time intervention (CTI), an evidence-based model of case management shown to be effective for vulnerable populations, was adapted for individuals with severe symptoms of hoarding disorder at risk for eviction (CTI-HD). Of the 14 adults who enrolled, 11 participants completed the 9-month intervention. Completers reported a modest decrease in hoarding severity, suggesting that, while helpful, CTI-HD alone is unlikely to eliminate the risk of eviction for individuals with severe symptoms of hoarding disorder.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02367430.

Keywords: anxiety; anxiety disorders; critical time intervention; hoarding; hoarding disorder; obsessive-compulsive disorder.

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Figures

**Figure 1:**
Mean Saving Inventory-Revised (SI-R) Changes Over Time (N =14) Error bars represent 1 standard error from the mean.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

1. Rodriguez CI, Herman D, Alcon J, et al.: Prevalence of hoarding disorder in individuals at potential risk of eviction in New York City: a pilot study. J Nerv Ment Dis 200:91–4, 2012 - PMC - PubMed
1. Crane M, Byrne K, Fu R, et al.: The causes of homelessness in later life: findings from a 3-nation study. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 60:S152–9, 2005 - PubMed
1. Van Laere I, De Wit M, Klazinga N: Preventing evictions as a potential public health intervention: Characteristics and social medical risk factors of households at risk in Amsterdam. Scand J Public Health 37:697–705, 2009 - PubMed
1. Frost RO, Steketee G, Williams L: Hoarding: a community health problem. Health Soc Care Community 8:229–34, 2000 - PubMed
1. Rodriguez C, Panero L, Tannen A: Personalized intervention for hoarders at risk of eviction. Psychiatr Serv 61:205, 2010 - PMC - PubMed

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Pilot Study Evaluating Critical Time Intervention for Individuals With Hoarding Disorder at Risk for Eviction

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Pilot Study Evaluating Critical Time Intervention for Individuals With Hoarding Disorder at Risk for Eviction

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