. 2020 Oct;26(Supp 1):i46-i56.

doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043302. Epub 2020 Jan 8.

Morbidity and mortality from road injuries: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Spencer L James¹, Lydia R Lucchesi², Catherine Bisignano², Chris D Castle², Zachary V Dingels², Jack T Fox², Erin B Hamilton², Zichen Liu², Darrah McCracken², Molly R Nixon², Dillon O Sylte², Nicholas L S Roberts², Oladimeji M Adebayo³, Teamur Aghamolaei⁴, Suliman A Alghnam⁵, Syed Mohamed Aljunid^{6

7}, Amir Almasi-Hashiani⁸, Alaa Badawi^{9

10}, Masoud Behzadifar¹¹, Meysam Behzadifar¹², Eyasu Tamru Bekru¹³, Derrick A Bennett¹⁴, Jens Robert Chapman¹⁵, Kebede Deribe^{16

17}, Bereket Duko Adema¹⁸, Yousef Fatahi¹⁹, Belayneh K Gelaw²⁰, Eskezyiaw Agedew Getahun²¹, Delia Hendrie²², Andualem Henok²³, Hagos de Hidru²⁴, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh^{25

26}, Guoqing Hu²⁷, Mohammad Ali Jahani²⁸, Mihajlo Jakovljevic²⁹, Farzad Jalilian³⁰, Nitin Joseph³¹, Manoochehr Karami³², Abraham Getachew Kelbore³³, Md Nuruzzaman Khan^{34

35}, Yun Jin Kim³⁶, Parvaiz A Koul³⁷, Carlo La Vecchia³⁸, Shai Linn³⁹, Reza Majdzadeh^{40

41}, Man Mohan Mehndiratta^{42

43}, Peter T N Memiah⁴⁴, Melkamu Merid Mengesha⁴⁵, Hayimro Edemealem Merie⁴⁶, Ted R Miller^{22

47}, Mehdi Mirzaei-Alavijeh³⁰, Aso Mohammad Darwesh⁴⁸, Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji⁴⁹, Roghayeh Mohammadibakhsh⁵⁰, Yoshan Moodley⁵¹, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh⁵², Kamarul Imran Musa⁵³, Bruno Ramos Nascimento⁵⁴, Rajan Nikbakhsh⁵⁵, Peter S Nyasulu⁵⁶, Ahmed Omar Bali⁵⁷, Obinna E Onwujekwe⁵⁸, Sanghamitra Pati⁵⁹, Reza Pourmirza Kalhori⁶⁰, Farkhonde Salehi⁶¹, Saeed Shahabi⁶², Seifadin Ahmed Shallo⁶³, Morteza Shamsizadeh⁶⁴, Zeinab Sharafi⁶⁵, Sharvari Rahul Shukla⁶⁶, Mohammad Reza Sobhiyeh^{67

68}, Joan B Soriano^{69

70}, Bryan L Sykes⁷¹, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos^{72

73}, Degena Bahray Bahrey Tadesse^{74

75}, Yonatal Mesfin Tefera^{76

77}, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi^{52

78}, Boikhutso Tlou⁷⁹, Roman Topor-Madry^{80

81}, Taweewat Wiangkham⁸², Mehdi Yaseri^{83

84}, Sanni Yaya⁸⁵, Muluken Azage Yenesew⁸⁶, Mustafa Z Younis^{87

88}, Arash Ziapour⁸⁹, Sanjay Zodpey⁹⁰, David M Pigott^{2

91}, Robert C Reiner Jr^{2

91}, Simon I Hay^{2

91}, Alan D Lopez^{2

92}, Ali H Mokdad^{2

91}

Affiliations

¹ Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA spencj@uw.edu.
² Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
³ College of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
⁴ Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
⁵ Department of Population Health Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Health Policy and Management, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
⁷ International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia.
⁸ Department of Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
⁹ Public Health Risk Sciences Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
¹⁰ Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
¹¹ Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
¹² Hepatitis Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
¹³ College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia.
¹⁴ Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
¹⁵ Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Swedish Brain and Spine Specialists, Seattle, Washington, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK.
¹⁷ School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
¹⁸ Department of Public Health, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
¹⁹ Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
²⁰ School of Pharmacy, Debre Tabor University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
²¹ Department of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch City, Ethiopia.
²² School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
²³ Department of Public Health, Mizan-Tepi University, Teppi, Ethiopia.
²⁴ Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.
²⁵ Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
²⁶ Computer Science Department, University of Human Development, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
²⁷ Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, China.
²⁸ Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
²⁹ N.A.Semashko Department of Public Health and Healthcare, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
³⁰ Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
³¹ Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore, India.
³² Department of Epidemiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
³³ Department of Dermatology, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
³⁴ Department of Population Sciences, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.
³⁵ Department of Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
³⁶ School of Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia.
³⁷ Department of Internal and Pulmonary Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India.
³⁸ Department of Clinical Medicine and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
³⁹ School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
⁴⁰ Community-Based Participatory-Research (CBPR) Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴¹ Knowledge Utilization Research Center (KURC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴² Neurology Department, Janakpuri Super Specialty Hospital Society, New Delhi, India.
⁴³ Department of Neurology, New Delhi, India.
⁴⁴ Department of Public Health, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida, USA.
⁴⁵ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
⁴⁶ Department of Statistics, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
⁴⁷ Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, Maryland, United States.
⁴⁸ Information Technology Department, University of Human Development, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
⁴⁹ Department of Biostatistics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
⁵⁰ Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
⁵¹ Department of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
⁵² Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁵³ School of Medical Sciences, Science University of Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.
⁵⁴ Hospital of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
⁵⁵ Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁵⁶ Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁵⁷ Department of Diplomacy and Public Relations, University of Human Development, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
⁵⁸ Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria.
⁵⁹ Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, India.
⁶⁰ Paramedic Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁶¹ Taleghani Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁶² Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
⁶³ Department of Public Health, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
⁶⁴ Chronic Diseases (Home Care) Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
⁶⁵ Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
⁶⁶ Symbiosis Institute of Health Sciences, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India.
⁶⁷ Departments of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, General Surgery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁶⁸ Peripheral Vascular Intervention Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁶⁹ Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
⁷⁰ Respiratory Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
⁷¹ Department of Criminology, Law and Society, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.
⁷² Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
⁷³ Carlos III Health Institute, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Madrid, Spain.
⁷⁴ Nursing Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Aksum, Ethiopia.
⁷⁵ Axum College of Health Science, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
⁷⁶ School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
⁷⁷ Department of Environmental Health, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
⁷⁸ Department of Community Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁷⁹ Department of Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
⁸⁰ Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
⁸¹ The Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Tariff System, Warsaw, Poland.
⁸² Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Meung District, Thailand.
⁸³ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁸⁴ Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁸⁵ School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
⁸⁶ School of Public Health, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
⁸⁷ Health Economics & Finance, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.
⁸⁸ Research Center for Public Health, Tsinghua University, Peking, China.
⁸⁹ Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁹⁰ Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India.
⁹¹ Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
⁹² School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Queensland, Australia.

PMID: 31915274
PMCID: PMC7571357
DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043302

Morbidity and mortality from road injuries: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Spencer L James et al. Inj Prev. 2020 Oct.

. 2020 Oct;26(Supp 1):i46-i56.

doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043302. Epub 2020 Jan 8.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA spencj@uw.edu.
² Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
³ College of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
⁴ Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
⁵ Department of Population Health Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Health Policy and Management, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
⁷ International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia.
⁸ Department of Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
⁹ Public Health Risk Sciences Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
¹⁰ Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
¹¹ Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
¹² Hepatitis Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
¹³ College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia.
¹⁴ Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
¹⁵ Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Swedish Brain and Spine Specialists, Seattle, Washington, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK.
¹⁷ School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
¹⁸ Department of Public Health, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
¹⁹ Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
²⁰ School of Pharmacy, Debre Tabor University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
²¹ Department of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch City, Ethiopia.
²² School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
²³ Department of Public Health, Mizan-Tepi University, Teppi, Ethiopia.
²⁴ Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.
²⁵ Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
²⁶ Computer Science Department, University of Human Development, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
²⁷ Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, China.
²⁸ Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
²⁹ N.A.Semashko Department of Public Health and Healthcare, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
³⁰ Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
³¹ Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore, India.
³² Department of Epidemiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
³³ Department of Dermatology, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
³⁴ Department of Population Sciences, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.
³⁵ Department of Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
³⁶ School of Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia.
³⁷ Department of Internal and Pulmonary Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India.
³⁸ Department of Clinical Medicine and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
³⁹ School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
⁴⁰ Community-Based Participatory-Research (CBPR) Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴¹ Knowledge Utilization Research Center (KURC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴² Neurology Department, Janakpuri Super Specialty Hospital Society, New Delhi, India.
⁴³ Department of Neurology, New Delhi, India.
⁴⁴ Department of Public Health, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida, USA.
⁴⁵ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
⁴⁶ Department of Statistics, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
⁴⁷ Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, Maryland, United States.
⁴⁸ Information Technology Department, University of Human Development, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
⁴⁹ Department of Biostatistics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
⁵⁰ Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
⁵¹ Department of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
⁵² Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁵³ School of Medical Sciences, Science University of Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.
⁵⁴ Hospital of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
⁵⁵ Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁵⁶ Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁵⁷ Department of Diplomacy and Public Relations, University of Human Development, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
⁵⁸ Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria.
⁵⁹ Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, India.
⁶⁰ Paramedic Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁶¹ Taleghani Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁶² Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
⁶³ Department of Public Health, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
⁶⁴ Chronic Diseases (Home Care) Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
⁶⁵ Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
⁶⁶ Symbiosis Institute of Health Sciences, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India.
⁶⁷ Departments of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, General Surgery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁶⁸ Peripheral Vascular Intervention Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
⁶⁹ Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
⁷⁰ Respiratory Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
⁷¹ Department of Criminology, Law and Society, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.
⁷² Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
⁷³ Carlos III Health Institute, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Madrid, Spain.
⁷⁴ Nursing Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Aksum, Ethiopia.
⁷⁵ Axum College of Health Science, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
⁷⁶ School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
⁷⁷ Department of Environmental Health, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
⁷⁸ Department of Community Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁷⁹ Department of Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
⁸⁰ Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
⁸¹ The Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Tariff System, Warsaw, Poland.
⁸² Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Meung District, Thailand.
⁸³ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁸⁴ Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁸⁵ School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
⁸⁶ School of Public Health, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
⁸⁷ Health Economics & Finance, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.
⁸⁸ Research Center for Public Health, Tsinghua University, Peking, China.
⁸⁹ Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁹⁰ Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India.
⁹¹ Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
⁹² School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Queensland, Australia.

PMID: 31915274
PMCID: PMC7571357
DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043302

Erratum in

Correction: Morbidity and mortality from road injuries: results from the global Burden of Disease Study 2017.
[No authors listed] [No authors listed] Inj Prev. 2020 Oct;26(Supp 1):i163. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043302corr1. Epub 2020 Sep 28. Inj Prev. 2020. PMID: 32989005 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

Abstract

Background: The global burden of road injuries is known to follow complex geographical, temporal and demographic patterns. While health loss from road injuries is a major topic of global importance, there has been no recent comprehensive assessment that includes estimates for every age group, sex and country over recent years.

Methods: We used results from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study to report incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability, deaths, years of life lost and disability-adjusted life years for all locations in the GBD 2017 hierarchy from 1990 to 2017 for road injuries. Second, we measured mortality-to-incidence ratios by location. Third, we assessed the distribution of the natures of injury (eg, traumatic brain injury) that result from each road injury.

Results: Globally, 1 243 068 (95% uncertainty interval 1 191 889 to 1 276 940) people died from road injuries in 2017 out of 54 192 330 (47 381 583 to 61 645 891) new cases of road injuries. Age-standardised incidence rates of road injuries increased between 1990 and 2017, while mortality rates decreased. Regionally, age-standardised mortality rates decreased in all but two regions, South Asia and Southern Latin America, where rates did not change significantly. Nine of 21 GBD regions experienced significant increases in age-standardised incidence rates, while 10 experienced significant decreases and two experienced no significant change.

Conclusions: While road injury mortality has improved in recent decades, there are worsening rates of incidence and significant geographical heterogeneity. These findings indicate that more research is needed to better understand how road injuries can be prevented.

Keywords: burden of disease; descriptive epidemiology; motorcycle; road injuries, pedestrian injuries; road traffic accident; traumatic brain injury.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: SLJ reports grants from Sanofi Pasteur outside the submitted work. TRM reports a contract to evaluate AB InBev Foundation’s efforts to, among other things, reduce impaired driving in 6 cities using GBD road safety data in calculating baseline harm.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Incident cases, age-standardised incidence rates, and per cent change between 1990 and 2017 by country for road injuries.

**Figure 2**
Age-specific and sex-specific incidence of road injuries globally in 2017.

**Figure 3**
Deaths, age-standardised mortality rates and per cent change between 1990 and 2017 by country for road injuries.

**Figure 4**
Changes in mortality-to-incidence ratios by GBD region from 1990 to 2017. GBD, Global Burden of Disease.

**Figure 5**
Distribution of most severe nature of injury sustained in road injuries by region in 2017. TBI, traumatic brain injury.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

1. Omran AR. The epidemiologic transition. A theory of the epidemiology of population change. Milbank Mem Fund Q 1971;49:509–38. 10.2307/3349375 - DOI - PubMed
1. Salomon JA, Murray CJL. The epidemiologic transition revisited: compositional models for causes of death by age and sex. Popul Dev Rev 2002;28:205–28. 10.1111/j.1728-4457.2002.00205.x - DOI
1. WHO Decade of action for road safety 2011-2020. WHO. Available: http://www.who.int/roadsafety/decade_of_action/en/ [Accessed 27 Jul 2019].
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Morbidity and mortality from road injuries: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Affiliations

Morbidity and mortality from road injuries: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Authors

Affiliations

Erratum in

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical