Transparent ferroelectric crystals with ultrahigh piezoelectricity

Chaorui Qiu^#¹, Bo Wang^#², Nan Zhang^#¹, Shujun Zhang^{2

3}, Jinfeng Liu¹, David Walker⁴, Yu Wang⁵, Hao Tian⁵, Thomas R Shrout², Zhuo Xu⁶, Long-Qing Chen^{7

8

9

10}, Fei Li¹¹

Affiliations

¹ Electronic Materials Research Laboratory (Key Lab of Education Ministry), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials and School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
² Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
³ ISEM, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
⁴ Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
⁵ School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
⁶ Electronic Materials Research Laboratory (Key Lab of Education Ministry), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials and School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. xuzhuo@xjtu.edu.cn.
⁷ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. lqc3@psu.edu.
⁸ Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. lqc3@psu.edu.
⁹ Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. lqc3@psu.edu.
¹⁰ Department of Mathematics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. lqc3@psu.edu.
¹¹ Electronic Materials Research Laboratory (Key Lab of Education Ministry), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials and School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. ful5@xjtu.edu.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 31942055
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1891-y

Transparent ferroelectric crystals with ultrahigh piezoelectricity

Chaorui Qiu et al. Nature. 2020 Jan.

. 2020 Jan;577(7790):350-354.

doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1891-y. Epub 2020 Jan 15.

Authors

Chaorui Qiu^#¹, Bo Wang^#², Nan Zhang^#¹, Shujun Zhang^{2

3}, Jinfeng Liu¹, David Walker⁴, Yu Wang⁵, Hao Tian⁵, Thomas R Shrout², Zhuo Xu⁶, Long-Qing Chen^{7

8

9

10}, Fei Li¹¹

Affiliations

¹ Electronic Materials Research Laboratory (Key Lab of Education Ministry), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials and School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
² Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
³ ISEM, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
⁴ Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
⁵ School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
⁶ Electronic Materials Research Laboratory (Key Lab of Education Ministry), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials and School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. xuzhuo@xjtu.edu.cn.
⁷ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. lqc3@psu.edu.
⁸ Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. lqc3@psu.edu.
⁹ Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. lqc3@psu.edu.
¹⁰ Department of Mathematics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. lqc3@psu.edu.
¹¹ Electronic Materials Research Laboratory (Key Lab of Education Ministry), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials and School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. ful5@xjtu.edu.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 31942055
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1891-y

Abstract

Transparent piezoelectrics are highly desirable for numerous hybrid ultrasound-optical devices ranging from photoacoustic imaging transducers to transparent actuators for haptic applications^1-7. However, it is challenging to achieve high piezoelectricity and perfect transparency simultaneously because most high-performance piezoelectrics are ferroelectrics that contain high-density light-scattering domain walls. Here, through a combination of phase-field simulations and experiments, we demonstrate a relatively simple method of using an alternating-current electric field to engineer the domain structures of originally opaque rhombohedral Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-PbTiO₃ (PMN-PT) crystals to simultaneously generate near-perfect transparency, an ultrahigh piezoelectric coefficient d₃₃ (greater than 2,100 picocoulombs per newton), an excellent electromechanical coupling factor k₃₃ (about 94 per cent) and a large electro-optical coefficient γ₃₃ (approximately 220 picometres per volt), which is far beyond the performance of the commonly used transparent ferroelectric crystal LiNbO₃. We find that increasing the domain size leads to a higher d₃₃ value for the [001]-oriented rhombohedral PMN-PT crystals, challenging the conventional wisdom that decreasing the domain size always results in higher piezoelectricity^8-10. This work presents a paradigm for achieving high transparency and piezoelectricity by ferroelectric domain engineering, and we expect the transparent ferroelectric crystals reported here to provide a route to a wide range of hybrid device applications, such as medical imaging, self-energy-harvesting touch screens and invisible robotic devices.

PubMed Disclaimer

Comment in

Transparent crystals with ultrahigh piezoelectricity.
Koruza J. Koruza J. Nature. 2020 Jan;577(7790):325-326. doi: 10.1038/d41586-020-00038-z. Nature. 2020. PMID: 31942059 No abstract available.

References

1. Wang, L. V. Multiscale photoacoustic microscopy and computed tomography. Nat. Photon. 3, 503–509 (2009). - DOI
1. Chen, X. et al. Transparent lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) ceramic fibers for high-frequency ultrasonic transducer applications. Ceram. Int. 42, 18554–18559 (2016). - DOI
1. Tshering, C. & Tshering, D. Renewable mobile charger using piezoelectric transducer. Res. J. Recent Sci. 7, 20–23 (2018).
1. Sette, D. et al. Transparent piezoelectric transducers for large area ultrasonic actuators. In 2017 IEEE 30th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). 793–796 (IEEE, 2017).
1. Modarres, A., Ramstein, C., Cruz-Hernandez, J. M., Danny, A. & Grant, A. G. Transparent composite piezoelectric combined touch sensor and haptic actuator. US Patent 2011/0261021 A1 (2011).

Publication types

Actions
Actions

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
- Nature Publishing Group
Other Literature Sources
- The Lens - Patent Citations Database

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Transparent ferroelectric crystals with ultrahigh piezoelectricity

Affiliations

Transparent ferroelectric crystals with ultrahigh piezoelectricity

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Comment in

References

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources