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. 2020 Jan 3;20(1):276.
doi: 10.3390/s20010276.

EGNOS 1046 Maritime Service Assessment

Deimos Ibáñez Segura  1 , Adrià Rovira Garcia  1 , María Teresa Alonso  1 , Jaume Sanz  1 , José Miguel Juan  1 , Guillermo González Casado  1 , Manuel López Martínez  2
Affiliations

EGNOS 1046 Maritime Service Assessment

Deimos Ibáñez Segura et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

The present contribution evaluates how the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System (EGNOS) meets the International Maritime Organization (IMO) requirements established in its Resolution A.1046 for navigation in harbor entrances, harbor approaches, and coastal waters: 99.8% of signal availability, 99.8% of service availability, 99.97% of service continuity and 10 m of horizontal accuracy. The data campaign comprises two years of data, from 1 May 2016 to 30 April 2018 (i.e., 730 days), involving 108 permanent stations located within 20 km of the coast or in islands across the EGNOS coverage area, EGNOS corrections, and cleansed GPS broadcast navigation data files. We used the GNSS Laboratory Tool Suite (gLAB) to compute the reference coordinates of the stations, the EGNOS solution, as well as the EGNOS service maps. Our results show a signal availability of 99.999%, a horizontal accuracy of 0.91 m at the 95th percentile, and the regions where the IMO requirements on service availability and service continuity are met. In light of the results presented in the paper, the authors suggest the revision of the assumptions made in the EGNOS Maritime Service against those made in EGNOS for civil aviation; in particular, the use of the EGNOS Message Type 10.

Keywords: Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS); International Maritime Organization (IMO); Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; nor in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System (EGNOS) architecture. GPS data are collected by the Ranging Integrity Monitoring Stations (RIMSs) and sent to the Mission Control Centre (MCC), which generates the EGNOS corrections and integrity data. This information is sent in a message to the Navigation Land Earth Stations (NLES) to be uplinked to the GEO satellites, which broadcast the EGNOS message to the users. This figure is from [17], available at www.gsa.europa.eu.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of permanent stations used for the study: 6 stations of the Andalusian Positioning Network (RAP); 29 stations of the Spanish National Geographic Institute (IGN); 35 stations from the British Isles continuous GNSS Facility (BIGF); 17 stations from the International GNSS Service (IGS); and 21 EGNOS Ranging Integrity Monitoring Stations (RIMSs). Specifically, at each RIMS, we used the receiver designated as “A” from the two co-located receivers “A” and “B”.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Availability of the EGNOS 1046 Maritime Service (left panel) and its compliance with the IMO requirement of 99.8% (right panel). Elev., Elevation Mask; DOP, Dilution Of Position; HAL, Horizontal Alarm Limits; VAL, Vertical Alarm Limits.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Continuity of the EGNOS 1046 Maritime Service (left column) and its compliance with the IMO requirement of 99.97% (right column). The top row uses the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) methodology (sliding window), whereas the bottom row uses the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) methodology (fixed window), both using a window length of 15 min. The number of compliant pixels is counted within longitudes −25° W to 35° E and latitudes 25° N to 75° N.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Continuity of the EGNOS 1046 Maritime Service (left column) and its compliance with the IMO requirement of 99.97% (right column). The top row uses the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) methodology (sliding window), whereas the bottom row uses the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) methodology (fixed window), both using a window length of 15 min. The number of compliant pixels is counted within longitudes −25° W to 35° E and latitudes 25° N to 75° N.
Figure 5
Figure 5
EGNOS 1046 Maritime Service 95th percentile of the positioning error (top row) and protection level (bottom row) for the horizontal (left column) and vertical (right column) when using the solution with all-in-view satellites. Color bar in meters.
Figure 5
Figure 5
EGNOS 1046 Maritime Service 95th percentile of the positioning error (top row) and protection level (bottom row) for the horizontal (left column) and vertical (right column) when using the solution with all-in-view satellites. Color bar in meters.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Histogram and cumulated distribution function of the positioning error (top row) and protection level (bottom row) for the horizontal (left column) and vertical (right column) components.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Histogram and cumulated distribution function of the positioning error (top row) and protection level (bottom row) for the horizontal (left column) and vertical (right column) components.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Worst integrity ratio map for the horizontal (left panel) and vertical (right panel) components. The color of the circle indicates for each station the maximum ratio between the PE and the PL for the solution with all in view satellites. Color bar in meters.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Detail of the logic of applying corrections and integrity values from SBAS (Figure S-2 from Appendix S from RTCA DO-229D [18]). This figure is copyrighted by RTCA, Inc. and used with permission. The complete RTCA document referenced may be purchased from RTCA, Inc. RTCA, Inc. 1150 18th Street NW Suite 910 Washington, DC 20036 (202) 833–9339 www.rtca.org.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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