. 2020 Jan 5;9(1):148.

doi: 10.3390/jcm9010148.

Infrared Thermographic Evaluation of Temperature Modifications Induced during Implant Site Preparation with Steel vs. Zirconia Implant Drill

Antonio Scarano^{1

2

3}, Felice Lorusso⁴, Sammy Noumbissi^{5

6}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and CeSI-Met, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
² Zirconia Implant Research Group (Z.I.R.G), International Academy of Ceramic Implantology, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
³ Department of Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, College Ingà, UNINGÁ, Cachoeiro de Itapemirim 29312, Brazil.
⁴ Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
⁵ International Academy of Ceramic Implantology, Zirconia Implant Research Group (Z.I.R.G), Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
⁶ Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy Via Dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.

PMID: 31948130
PMCID: PMC7019482
DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010148

Infrared Thermographic Evaluation of Temperature Modifications Induced during Implant Site Preparation with Steel vs. Zirconia Implant Drill

Antonio Scarano et al. J Clin Med. 2020.

. 2020 Jan 5;9(1):148.

doi: 10.3390/jcm9010148.

Authors

Antonio Scarano^{1

2

3}, Felice Lorusso⁴, Sammy Noumbissi^{5

6}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and CeSI-Met, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via Dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
² Zirconia Implant Research Group (Z.I.R.G), International Academy of Ceramic Implantology, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
³ Department of Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, College Ingà, UNINGÁ, Cachoeiro de Itapemirim 29312, Brazil.
⁴ Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
⁵ International Academy of Ceramic Implantology, Zirconia Implant Research Group (Z.I.R.G), Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
⁶ Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy Via Dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.

PMID: 31948130
PMCID: PMC7019482
DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010148

Abstract

Background: The heat produced during implant site osteotomy can potentially interfere with and influence the osseointegration process of a dental implant. The objective of this in vitro investigation was to measure the temperature changes during simulated osteotomies in bovine rib bone. The measurements were made at the apical area of the osteotomies with steel implant drills compared to zirconia implant drills.

Methods: Steel cylindrical drills (2 mm) and zirconia cylindrical drills (2 mm) were evaluated in vitro using bovine rib bone for a total of five groups based on the number of osteotomies performed with each drill: 10, 20, 40, 90, or 120 osteotomies. Bone and apical drill temperatures were measured by means of infrared thermography. The drilling time for each osteotomy was measured for each preparation.

Results: Statistically significant differences were found in the temperature measurements in the bone and apical portion of the drills between the study groups (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed for drilling time preparation between steel cylindrical drill (2 mm) and zirconia cylindrical drills (2 mm) (p < 0.01).

Conclusions: The drill material has an impact on the temperature changes that occur at its apical portion during bone preparation for implant placement.

Keywords: dental implant; drilling; heat generation; infrared thermography; osseointegration; zirconia drill.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Steel cylindrical 2 mm diameter drill and zirconia cylindrical 2 mm diameter drill used for the investigation.

**Figure 2**
(A) Steel cylindrical 2 mm diameter drill with negative point angle ~110°, helix angle ~25°. (B) Zirconia cylindrical 2 mm diameter drill with positive point angle ~120°, helix angle ~20°.

**Figure 3**
A conventional dental handpiece with a physio-dispenser mounted on a universal testing machine, before the test.

**Figure 4**
Infrared thermography temperature evaluation of the zirconia cylindrical drill (2 mm).

**Figure 5**
Infrared thermography temperature evaluation of the steel cylindrical drill (2 mm).

**Figure 6**
Bone temperature after site preparation with steel and zirconia drills.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Infrared Thermographic Evaluation of Temperature Modifications Induced during Implant Site Preparation with Steel vs. Zirconia Implant Drill

Affiliations

Infrared Thermographic Evaluation of Temperature Modifications Induced during Implant Site Preparation with Steel vs. Zirconia Implant Drill

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

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References

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