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. 2020 Nov;38(11):2849-2856.
doi: 10.1007/s00345-020-03092-4. Epub 2020 Jan 21.

Slingshot homolog-1 expression is a poor prognostic factor of pT1 bladder urothelial carcinoma after transurethral resection

Qiang Luo #  1 , Yanxia Liu #  2 , Hu Zhao  1 , Peng Guo  1 , Qianwen Wang  2 , Wenjun Li  1 , Gang Li  3 , Bin Wu  4
Affiliations

Slingshot homolog-1 expression is a poor prognostic factor of pT1 bladder urothelial carcinoma after transurethral resection

Qiang Luo et al. World J Urol. 2020 Nov.

Abstract

Objective: Slingshot homolog-1 (SSH-1) shows an important role in the occurrence and development in various tumors. While, the expression and prognostic implications of SSH-1 in bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC) remain unclear and thus were addressed in this study.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on tissue microarrays composed of 624 bladder UC specimens after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT) to detect SSH-1 expression. The clinic-pathological features were compared between SSH-1( +) and SSH-1(-) subgroups. The Kaplan-Meier curve with log-rank test and univariate/multivariate Cox regression model with stepwise backward elimination methods were performed for survival analyses.

Results: In this study, 359 (57.53%) specimens were detected with SSH-1 expression. SSH-1 positivity was significantly associated with higher pathological grade (p = 0.020), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.006), tumor recurrence (p < 0.001) and progression (p < 0.001) in bladder UC. Besides, SSH-1 positivity predicted a shorter overall survival (OS, p = 0.024), recurrence-free survival (RFS, p < 0.001), progression-free survival (PFS, p = 0.002) and cancer-specific survival (CSS, p = 0.047). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that tumor size (p = 0.007), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.003), recurrence (p < 0.001), progression (p < 0.001) and SSH-1 expression (p = 0.015) were predictors of poor prognosis in bladder UC patients.

Conclusions: SSH-1 expression was associated with undesirable clinic-pathological characteristics and poor post-operative prognosis in bladder UC patients. SSH-1 might play an important role in bladder UC and serve as a promising predictor of oncological outcomes in patients with bladder UC.

Keywords: Bladder urothelial carcinoma; Prognostic factor; Slingshot homolog-1; Transurethral resection; pT1.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Immunohistochemistry staining of SSH-1 expression in bladder UC specimens. a, b positive expression of SSH-1 in cancer tissues; 400×magnification. c, d negative expression of SSH-1 in cancer tissues; 400×magnification
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Kaplan–Meier curve of the overall survival (OS) for all patients (a), low-grade (b) and high-grade subgroups (c)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Kaplan–Meier curve of the recurrence-free survival (RFS) for all patients (a), low-grade (b) and high-grade subgroups (c)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Kaplan–Meier curve of the progression-free survival (PFS) for all patients (a), low-grade (b) and high-grade subgroups (c)
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Kaplan–Meier curve of the cancer-specific survival (CSS) for all patients (a), low-grade (b) and high-grade subgroups (c)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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