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. 2019 Sep 10:58:e21.
doi: 10.6620/ZS.2019.58-21. eCollection 2019.

The Synonymy of the Supratidal Crab Species Parasesarma cognatum Rahayu & Li, 2013 with P. liho Koller, Liu & Schubart, 2010 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence, with a Note on P. paucitorum Rahayu & Ng, 2009

Hsi-Te Shih #  1   2 , Pei-Yi Hsu #  1 , Adnan Shahdadi #  3 , Christoph D Schubart  4 , Jheng-Jhang Li  5   6
Affiliations

The Synonymy of the Supratidal Crab Species Parasesarma cognatum Rahayu & Li, 2013 with P. liho Koller, Liu & Schubart, 2010 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence, with a Note on P. paucitorum Rahayu & Ng, 2009

Hsi-Te Shih et al. Zool Stud. .

Abstract

Parasesarma liho Koller, Liu & Schubart, 2010 and P. cognatum Rahayu & Li, 2013 from East and Southeast Asia are similar species that have been confused in several studies. Here, we re-examined the type specimens of both species and found identical main characters, which is supported by the molecular identity of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene. As a result, we treat P. cognatum as a junior subjective synonym of P. liho. We also show that the male paratype of P. paucitorum Rahayu & Ng, 2009 is conspecific with P. liho, although P. paucitorum s. str. remains a distinct but allied species. The distribution of P. liho is updated to include Japan (Ryukyus), Taiwan, Philippines (Cebu) and Indonesia (Sulawesi).

Keywords: Mitochondrial COI; Morphology; P. cognatum; P. liho; P. paucitorum; Parasesarma.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Schematic drawing showing the measurement of the length, as well as the maximum and minimum widths of the propodi of the fourth pereiopods (third ambulatory leg, P4) used in this study.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
The morphological variation of distal part the right G1s of Parasesarma liho (A–H), and P. paucitorum (I). A, CW 11.1 mm (NCHUZOOL 15022), Pingtung, Taiwan; B, CW 11.6 mm (NCHUZOOL 15027), Hualien, Taiwan; C, CW 12.7 mm (ZSM A20100040, paratype of P. liho), Hualien, Taiwan; D, CW 13.29 mm (NCHUZOOL 15034), Cebu, Philippines; E, CW 14.3 mm (NMMBCD 3975, holotype of P. cognatum), Pingtung, Taiwan; F, CW 15.5 mm (ZRC 2019.0578, paratype of P. paucitorum), Sulawesi, Indonesia; G, CW 16.2 mm (NCHUZOOL 15022), Pingtung, Taiwan; H, CW 16.7 mm (NCHUZOOL 15031), Pingtung, Taiwan; I, CW 19.7 mm (MZB Cru 2243, holotype of P. paucitorum), Sulawesi, Indonesia. Scales bars = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
The morphology of left chela of types of Parasesarma liho (A–B), P. cognatum (C–D) and P. paucitorum (E–H). A, C, E, G, outer view; B, D, F, H, upper view. A, B, holotype of P. liho (CW 13.0 mm, SMF 36266); C, D, holotype of P. cognatum (CW 14.3 mm, NMMBCD 3975); E, F, paratype of P. paucitorum (CW 15.5 mm, ZRC 2019.0578); G, H, holotype of P. paucitorum (CW 19.7 mm, MZB Cru 2243). Scales bars = 2 mm.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
The outer surface of chelipedal meri of Parasesarma cognatum (holotype, NMMBCD 3975). A, left cheliped; B, right cheliped. Arrow indicates a subdistal angle on the upper margin of chelipedal merus.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 5.
The coloration of Parasesarma liho in the field in Taiwan. A, specimen (not captured) from Gangkou R. estuary, Pingtung; B, specimen (not captured) from Meilun R. estuary, Hualien.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 6.
A Bayesian inference (BI) tree of Parasesarma liho, as well as the outgroups, based on the cytochrome oxidase subunit I genes (COI). Probability values at the nodes represent support values for BI and maximum likelihood (ML). For haplotype names, see table 1.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 7.
Genealogical network for the COI haplotypes observed within the clades of Parasesarma liho and other related species. Unlabelled hatches indicate inferred haplotypes not found in the sampled population. For haplotype names, see table 1.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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