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Review
. 2019 Oct-Dec;31(4):541-547.
doi: 10.5935/0103-507X.20190079.

Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis: an update

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Jorge Ibrain Figueira Salluh  1   2 , Vicente Cés de Souza-Dantas  3 , Ignacio Martin-Loeches  4   5 , Thiago Costa Lisboa  6   7 , Ligia Sarmet Cunha Farah Rabello  1   2 , Saad Nseir  8   9 , Pedro Póvoa  10   11
Affiliations
Review

Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis: an update

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Jorge Ibrain Figueira Salluh et al. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2019 Oct-Dec.

Erratum in

  • Erratum.
    [No authors listed] [No authors listed] Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2020 Mar;32(1):165. doi: 10.5935/0103-507x.20200027. Epub 2020 May 8. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2020. PMID: 32401972 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infection is one of the most frequent complications in mechanically ventilated patients. Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis has been considered a disease that does not warrant antibiotic treatment by the medical community for many years. In the last decade, several studies have shown that tracheobronchitis could be considered an intermediate process that leads to ventilator-associated pneumonia. Furthermore, ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis has a limited impact on overall mortality but shows a significant association with increased patient costs, length of stay, antibiotic use, and duration of mechanical ventilation. Although we still need clear evidence, especially concerning treatment modalities, the present study on ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis highlights that there are important impacts of including this condition in clinical management and epidemiological and infection surveillance.

As infecções do trato respiratório inferior associadas à ventilação mecânica são uma das complicações mais frequentes em pacientes em ventilação mecânica. Há muitos anos, a traqueobronquite associada à ventilação mecânica tem sido considerada uma doença que não demanda antibioticoterapia. Na última década, diversos estudos demonstraram que a traqueobronquite associada à ventilação mecânica deve ser considerada um processo intermediário que leva à pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica, uma vez que apesar de ter impacto limitado sobre a mortalidade dos pacientes gravemente enfermos internados nas unidades de terapia intensiva, em contrapartida, demonstra associação significativa com o aumento dos custos hospitalares desses pacientes, assim como do tempo de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva e hospitalar, do uso de antibióticos, e da duração da ventilação mecânica. Embora ainda necessitemos de evidências científicas mais robustas, especialmente no que tange às modalidades terapêuticas, os dados atuais a respeito da traqueobronquite associada à ventilação mecânica salientam que há desfechos suficientemente importantes que exigem vigilância epidemiológica e controle clínico adequados.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: None.

References

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