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Review
. 2020 Jan 23;21(3):756.
doi: 10.3390/ijms21030756.

Immunomodulatory and Regenerative Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Renal Diseases

Kenji Tsuji  1 , Shinji Kitamura  1 , Jun Wada  1
Affiliations
Review

Immunomodulatory and Regenerative Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Renal Diseases

Kenji Tsuji et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory and regenerative effects in many organs, including the kidney. Emerging evidence has shown that the trophic effects from MSCs are mainly mediated by the paracrine mechanism rather than the direct differentiation of MSCs into injured tissues. These secretomes from MSCs include cytokines, growth factors, chemokines and extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing microRNAs, mRNAs, and proteins. Many research studies have revealed that secretomes from MSCs have potential to ameliorate renal injury in renal disease models, including acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease through a variety of mechanisms. These trophic mechanisms include immunomodulatory and regenerative effects. In addition, accumulating evidence has uncovered the specific factors and therapeutic mechanisms in MSC-derived EVs. In this article, we summarize the recent advances of immunomodulatory and regenerative effects of EVs from MSCs, especially focusing on the microRNAs.

Keywords: acute kidney injury; chronic kidney disease; extracellular vesicles; immunomodulation; mesenchymal stem cell; microRNA; renal regeneration.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funder had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schema of the effects of mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) in renal injury. Arrows: promotion of the processes; T-bars: inhibition of the processes.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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