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Review
. 2020 Jan 14:9:2048004019900748.
doi: 10.1177/2048004019900748. eCollection 2020 Jan-Dec.

Monocyte-mediated inflammation and cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of pre-clinical and clinical studies

Kabelo Mokgalaboni  1 , Phiwayinkosi V Dludla  2   3 , Tawanda M Nyambuya  1   4 , Sinethemba H Yakobi  1 , Vuyolwethu Mxinwa  1 , Bongani B Nkambule  1
Affiliations
Review

Monocyte-mediated inflammation and cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of pre-clinical and clinical studies

Kabelo Mokgalaboni et al. JRSM Cardiovasc Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Monocyte-mediated inflammation increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting on monocyte-mediated inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in the international prospective register of a systematic review: CRD42019132902. The MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google scholar electronic databases were searched, and a random-effects model was used to generate pooled standardised mean differences between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy controls.

Results: The clinical studies (n = 20) comprised of 1065 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 1103 healthy controls. Notably, the levels of monocyte activation were higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to healthy controls (standardised mean difference = 0.47, 95% confidence interval (0.10, 0.84), p = 0.01) (χ2 = 65.72, I 2 = 83%, p < 0.00001). Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had an increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared to healthy controls (standardised mean difference = 0.37, 95% confidence interval (0.13, 0.61), p = 0.003) (χ2 = 958.77, I 2 = 95%, p < 0.00001). All included pre-clinical studies reported on the C57BL/6 mice strain, with a majority of the studies 57% of reporting on high fat diet-induced C57BL/6 mice model. The overall quality of the studies was good with a median score and range of 16 (13-19).

Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggests that there is increased monocyte activation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Monocytes; cardiovascular diseases; inflammation; type 2 diabetes.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis flow diagram of included studies.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Pooled estimates of monocyte activation in patients with T2DM compared to healthy controls. SD: standard deviation; CI: confidence interval; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
The prevalence of CVD risk factors in T2DM compared to healthy controls. SD: standard deviation; CI: confidence interval; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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