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. 2020 Jan 28;15(1):e0228361.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228361. eCollection 2020.

Glomerular hyperfiltration is associated with dementia: A nationwide population-based study

Min Woo Kang  1   2 , Sehoon Park  1   2   3 , Soojin Lee  1   2 , Yeonhee Lee  1   2 , Semin Cho  1   2 , Kyungdo Han  4 , Hanna Cho  5 , Yaerim Kim  6 , Yong Chul Kim  1   7 , Seung Seok Han  1   7 , Hajeong Lee  1   7 , Jung Pyo Lee  2   7   8 , Kwon Wook Joo  1   2   7 , Chun Soo Lim  3   7   8 , Yon Su Kim  1   2   7 , Dong Ki Kim  1   2   7
Affiliations

Glomerular hyperfiltration is associated with dementia: A nationwide population-based study

Min Woo Kang et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: Glomerular hyperfiltration may be a clinical phenotype of endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction may cause vascular dementia through the deterioration of cerebral blood flow. We aimed to identify the risk of dementia in people with glomerular hyperfiltration.

Methods: Using the Korean National Health Information Database, we included subjects aged ≥45 years who underwent national health screening examinations between 2012 and 2015 and who had no previous history of end-stage renal disease or dementia (n = 2,244,582). The primary exposure was glomerular hyperfiltration. We divided the subjects into groups by sex and five-year age intervals and categorized each group into 8 intervals according to estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR). The subjects with an eGFR ≥95th percentile in each group were defined as the hyperfiltration group. The outcomes were development of all types of dementia, Alzheimer's dementia and vascular dementia. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the hazard ratios (HRs) for outcomes.

Results: The Hyperfiltration group showed a higher risk for the development of all types of dementia [adjusted HR 1.09 (95% CI, 1.03-1.15)] and vascular dementia [adjusted HR 1.33 (95% CI, 1.14-1.55)] than the reference group. However, the association between hyperfiltration and Alzheimer's dementia was not statistically significant.

Conclusions: Glomerular hyperfiltration may be associated with dementia. In this respect, subjects with glomerular hyperfiltration should be monitored more closely for signs and symptoms of dementia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Diagram showing the study population.
Fig 2
Fig 2
Distribution of eGFR corresponding to the definition of hyperfiltration according to age in males (A) and females (B).
Fig 3
Fig 3
The hazard ratios of all types of dementia (A), Alzheimer's (B) and vascular dementia (C) according to eGFR.
Fig 4
Fig 4
Spline curves for hazard ratios of all types of dementia (A), Alzheimer's (B) and vascular dementia (C) according to eGFR.
Fig 5
Fig 5
The hazard ratios of all types of dementia, Alzheimer's, and vascular dementia according to eGFR in males (A), females (B), individuals aged < 65 years (C) and individuals aged ≥ 65 years (D).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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