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. 2020 Jan 30;9(1):263-274.
doi: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1720528. eCollection 2020.

Seroprevalence of human brucellosis and molecular characteristics of Brucella strains in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region of China, from 2012 to 2016

Zhi-Guo Liu  1   2 , Miao Wang  3 , Na Ta  2 , Meng-Gang Fang  2 , Jing-Chuan Mi  2 , Rui-Ping Yu  2 , Yao Luo  4 , Xiaoan Cao  5 , Zhen-Jun Li  1
Affiliations

Seroprevalence of human brucellosis and molecular characteristics of Brucella strains in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region of China, from 2012 to 2016

Zhi-Guo Liu et al. Emerg Microbes Infect. .

Abstract

In the present study, a total of 1102304 serum samples were collected to detected human brucellosis between the years 2012 and 2016 in Inner Mongolia. Overall, an average of 3.79% anti-Brucella positive in Inner Mongolia was presented but the range of positive rates were among 0.90 to 7.07% in 12 regions. Seroprevalence of human brucellosis increased gradually from 2012 to 2016. However, the incidence rate of human brucellosis showed a declining trend. One hundred and seven Brucella strains were isolated and identified as B. melitensis species, and B. melitensis biovar 3 was the predominant biovar. MLVA-11 genotypes 116 was predominant and had crucial epidemiology to the human population. All 107 strains tested were sorted into 75 MLVA-16 genotypes, with 54 single genotypes representing unique isolates. This result revealed that these Brucellosis cases had epidemiologically unrelated and sporadic characteristics. The remaining 21 shared genotypes among two to four strains, confirming the occurrence of cross-infection and multiple outbreaks. Extensive genotype-events were observed between strains from this study and Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and Turkey, these countries were key members of the grassland silk road. Long-time trade in small ruminants (sheep) in these countries has possibly promoted the spread of Brucella spp. in these regions.

Keywords: Brucella melitensis; Inner Mongolia; MLVA; Serology; molecular epidemiology.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Seroprevalence characteristics of human brucellosis in different regions of Inner Mongolia, China, from 2012 to 2016, and * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01 are used to indicate statistical significance levels.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Infection rate profiles of human brucellosis in different regions of Inner Mongolia, China, from 2012 to 2016.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Incidence rate characteristics of human brucellosis in different regions of Inner Mongolia, China, from 2012 to 2016.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Geographic distribution characteristics of B. melitensis in difference regions, Inner Mongolia, China, from 2012 to 2016.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Dendrogram based on the multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA)-16 genotyping assay (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) method), showing relationships between 107 B. melitensis isolates. Columns show identification numbers (Key), MLVA-16 genotypes (GT), panel 1 genotypes and MLVA-11 (panels 1 and 2A) genotypes, species biovar and the year in which strains were isolated.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) including 107 of our B. melitensis isolates characterized in this study. The tree was constructed using MLVA-16 data from 2080 profiles of B. melitensis available in the MLVA international database. Nodes including isolates from this study are highlighted in yellow.
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