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Review
. 2020 Jan-Feb;95(1):1-14.
doi: 10.1016/j.abd.2019.12.001. Epub 2019 Dec 31.

Update on parasitic dermatoses

Alberto Eduardo Cox Cardoso  1 , Alberto Eduardo Oiticica Cardoso  2 , Carolina Talhari  3 , Monica Santos  4
Affiliations
Review

Update on parasitic dermatoses

Alberto Eduardo Cox Cardoso et al. An Bras Dermatol. 2020 Jan-Feb.

Abstract

These are cutaneous diseases caused by insects, worms, protozoa, or coelenterates which may or may not have a parasitic life. In this review the main ethological agents, clinical aspects, laboratory exams, and treatments of these dermatological diseases will be studied.

Keywords: Drug therapy; Larva migrans; Lice infestations; Myiasis; Onchocerciasis; Scabies; Skin diseases, parasitic; Tungiasis.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Nodular scabies – intense pruritus and erythematous papular nodular lesions.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Crusted scabies. Intense, constant pruritus and generalized erythematous, squamous lesions. HTLV+ patient. Personl archive: Dr. Paulo Roberto Machado.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Sarcoptes scabiei. Dermoscopy. At the lower end, a “hang glider”-shaped dark spot, corresponding to the anterior segment of the mite.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(A) Pediculus capitis on the scalp (Photo courtesy of Dr. Daniel França). (B) Nits, attached to the hair.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(A) Tungiasis – typical aspect. Isolated lesion. Note a pustule, in regression, with central crusted area. (B, C) Tungiasis. Multiple lesions, isolated and confluent.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Bedbug dermatitis. Multiple, characteristic linear erythematous papular lesions located in the abdomen.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Furunculoid myiasis. Ulcero-nodular lesion and etiological agent (Dermatobia hominis).
Figure 8
Figure 8
(A) Larva migrans. Intense pruritus. Typical serpiginous lesion with linear aspect. (B) Larva migrans. Numerous lesions caused by multiple larvae.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Lyme disease. Plaque presenting centrifugal growth, with erythematous-violet borders, measuring approximately 18 cm, located on the posterior surface of the thigh.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Onchocerciasis. Intense pruritus, presence of lichenification, exulcerations, and hyperpigmentation. Patient from the Infectious Disease Clinic, Ibadan, Nigeria (personal archive: Prof. Dr. Sinésio Talhari).
Figure 11
Figure 11
A. Onchocerciasis. Presence of atrophy, common in patients with long course. Native Brazilian from the Yanomami tribe (personal archive: Prof. Dr. Sinésio Talhari). B. Onchocerciasis. Observe the classic aspect of the “hanging groin” due to long evolution. There is also scrotum elongation (secondary to cutaneous atrophy), and there are nodules in the iliac crest and left groin – probably onchocercomas. Native Brazilian from the Yanomami tribe (personal archive: Prof. Dr. Sinésio Talhari).
Figure 12
Figure 12
Onchocerciasis. Observe two microfilariae (Onchocerca volvulus). Direct examination in saline solution. 40× magnification (personal archive: Prof. Dr. Sinésio Talhari).
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References

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