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Meta-Analysis
. 2020 Jan 29;56(2):55.
doi: 10.3390/medicina56020055.

Antibacterial Properties of Nanoparticles in Dental Restorative Materials. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Elena Ferrando-Magraner  1 , Carlos Bellot-Arcís  1 , Vanessa Paredes-Gallardo  1 , José Manuel Almerich-Silla  2 , Verónica García-Sanz  1 , Mercedes Fernández-Alonso  3 , José María Montiel-Company  2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Antibacterial Properties of Nanoparticles in Dental Restorative Materials. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Elena Ferrando-Magraner et al. Medicina (Kaunas). .

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Nanotechnology has become a significant area of research focused mainly on increasing the antibacterial and mechanical properties of dental materials. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine and quantitatively analyze the current evidence for the addition of different nanoparticles into dental restorative materials, to determine whether their incorporation increases the antibacterial/antimicrobial properties of the materials. Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed in the Pubmed, Scopus, and Embase databases, up to December 2018, following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Results: A total of 624 papers were identified in the initial search. After screening the texts and applying inclusion criteria, only 11 of these were selected for quantitative analysis. The incorporation of nanoparticles led to a significant increase (p-value <0.01) in the antibacterial capacity of all the dental materials synthesized in comparison with control materials. Conclusions: The incorporation of nanoparticles into dental restorative materials was a favorable option; the antibacterial activity of nanoparticle-modified dental materials was significantly higher compared with the original unmodified materials, TiO2 nanoparticles providing the greatest benefits. However, the high heterogeneity among the articles reviewed points to the need for further research and the application of standardized research protocols.

Keywords: antibacterial; dental bonding materials; nanoparticles; nanotechnology; orthodontic adhesive.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The PRISMA flow diagram. From: Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, The PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of the studies according to (A) the type of dental material, (B) the type of nanoparticle incorporated, (C) the type of antibacterial test used to assess antibacterial capacity.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Risk of bias diagram.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot summarizing the antibacterial activity of orthodontic adhesives.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Forest plot summarizing the antibacterial activity of resin-based materials.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Forest plot summarizing dental restorative materials antibacterial activity.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Forest plot summarizing the antibacterial activity of dental restorative materials organized by nanoparticle type.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Meta-regressions according to nanoparticle concentration: (A) orthodontic adhesives’ meta-regression according to nanoparticle concentration; (B) resin materials meta-regression according to nanoparticle concentration.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Funnel plots: (A) funnel plot of the antibacterial activity of orthodontic adhesives; (B) funnel plot of the antibacterial activity of resin-based materials; (C) funnel plot of the antibacterial activity of dental bonding materials.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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