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. 2020 May 1;105(5):1608-1616.
doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa052.

Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone in the Prediction of Response to hCG Stimulation in Children With DSD

Angela K Lucas-Herald  1   2 , Andreas Kyriakou  1 , Malika Alimussina  1 , Guilherme Guaragna-Filho  3 , Louise A Diver  4 , Ruth McGowan  1   4 , Karen Smith  5 , Jane D McNeilly  6 , S Faisal Ahmed  1
Affiliations

Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone in the Prediction of Response to hCG Stimulation in Children With DSD

Angela K Lucas-Herald et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. .

Abstract

Introduction: The relationship between serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and the testosterone response to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) stimulation test is unclear.

Methods: Children who had hCG stimulation tests in one tertiary centre from 2001 to 2018 were included (n = 138). Serum testosterone was measured before (day 1 [D1]) and after 3 days (D4) of hCG stimulation. Sixty-one of these children also had prolonged hCG stimulation for 2 more weeks and serum testosterone measured after 21 days (D22). All children had a serum AMH measured on D1.

Results: Of the 138 children, D4 testosterone was normal in 104 (75%). AMH was low in 24/138 (17%) children, and 16 (67%) of these had a low D4 testosterone. Median AMH in those who had a normal vs low D4 testosterone was 850 pmol/L (24, 2280) and 54 pmol/L (0.4, 1664), respectively (P < 0.0001). An AMH > 5th centile was associated with a low D4 testosterone in 18/118 (13%; P < 0.0001). Of the 61 children who had prolonged hCG stimulation, D22 testosterone was normal in 39 (64%). AMH was low in 10/61(16%) children and 9 (90%) of these had a low D22 testosterone. Median AMH in children who responded and did not respond by D22 was 639 pmol/L (107, 2280) and 261 pmol/L (15, 1034) (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion: A normal AMH may provide valuable information on overall testicular function. However, a low AMH does not necessarily predict a suboptimal testosterone response to hCG stimulation.

Keywords: AMH; DSD; androgen; testes.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Flow diagram of patient inclusion in this study.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
AMH and D4 testosterone level according to age. Black line denotes 5th centile of AMH. Symbols in grey had a normal D4 testosterone response. Symbols in black had an inadequate D4 testosterone response. The grey lines represent the median and 95% CI.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
(A) ROC curve for high AMH vs low AMH to predict testosterone levels for children on D4. (B) ROC curve for high AMH vs low AMH to predict testosterone levels for children on D22.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
AMH level according to phenotype (A) and day 4 testosterone levels according to phenotype (B). Black line denotes median and 95% CI.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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