Parental Perception Towards Flu Vaccination for Asthmatic Children in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background Asthma is a major noncommunicable disease that affects around 235 million people, including children, globally. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the incidence of childhood asthma continues to increase. The Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia has attempted to put policies in place to prevent the occurrence of asthma-related complications by encouraging parents to vaccinate their diagnosed asthmatic children with the flu vaccine. To date, however, there have been no studies investigating the use of flu vaccine among asthmatic children in KSA. Our research aims to explore the perception of parents with asthmatic children towards flu vaccination and its effect on the decision to vaccinate their children. Methods Our research was a cross-sectional study of 190 parents who presented with asthmatic children at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) in Riyadh, KSA from October 2016 to April 2017. The study tools included structured and semi-structured questionnaires with demographic information, types of healthcare, and perceptions of parents towards flu vaccination. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS; IBM, Armonk, NY). Results Samples were mostly Saudis (97%), who were married (92%), and in the age group of 21-40 years (70%). Most of them were females (59%). More than two-thirds of the parents had a middle school education or bachelor's degree, and more than half were employed. Parents with higher education had a higher rate of vaccination for their children, and they were more likely to believe that a non-vaccinated child is more likely to get flu. Almost 76% of parents with vaccinated children agreed that the flu vaccine could safeguard children against flu. Doctors' opinion about flu vaccination was significantly associated with the parents' decision. The multivariate regression analysis results showed that easy access to services and parents' beliefs regarding vaccination are positively associated with influenza vaccination status. Conclusion Among the essential factors positively associated with the influenza vaccination status were a perception of easy access to vaccination services and the belief that non-vaccinated children are more likely to contract the flu virus. In contrast, the belief that vaccination prevents infection by the flu virus was negatively associated with vaccine uptake.

Keywords: asthma; children; flu vaccination.