Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2020 Aug;109(8):1531-1538.
doi: 10.1111/apa.15213. Epub 2020 Mar 18.

The effects of proton pump inhibitors on the microbiome in young children

Elvira I Levy  1 , Delphine M Hoang  1 , Yvan Vandenplas  1
Affiliations
Review

The effects of proton pump inhibitors on the microbiome in young children

Elvira I Levy et al. Acta Paediatr. 2020 Aug.

Abstract

Aim: The use of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatments are increasing among paediatric patients worldwide. We aimed to review the effects of PPIs on the microbiome and its associated effect on the gastrointestinal, respiratory and metabolic systems. The role of probiotics is discussed.

Methods: We searched for relevant articles published in English language in PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles were extracted using subject heading and key words of interest to the topic.

Results: There is evidence that PPIs modify the microbiome of the mouth, gut and lungs. The specific adverse effects associated with PPIs were necrotising enterocolitis, late onset sepsis in premature infants, Clostridium difficile infection, asthma, obesity and small intestine bacterial overgrowth in young children. Studies on the use of probiotics to counteract adverse effects of PPIs were limited.

Conclusion: PPIs create dysbiosis of the microbiome in the mouth, gut and lungs in the paediatric population. Probiotics could restore dysbiosis but it has very poorly been studied if probiotics can counteract or prevent PPI induced adverse effects.

Keywords: H2 receptor antagonist; Lactobacillus; microbiome; probiotic; proton pump inhibitor; small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.

PubMed Disclaimer

Comment in

References

REFERENCES

    1. Buccigrossi V, Nicastro E, Guarino A. Functions of intestinal microflora in children. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2013;29(1):31-38.
    1. Goulet O. Potential role of the intestinal microbiome in programming health and disease. Nutr Rev. 2015;73(Suppl 1):32-40.
    1. Valdes AM, Walter J, Segal E, Spector TD. Role of the gut microbiome in nutrition and health. BMJ. 2018;361:k2179.
    1. Chai G, Governale L, McMahon AW, Trinidad JP, Staffa J, Murphy D. Trends of outpatient prescription drug utilization in US children, 2002-2010. Pediatrics. 2012;130(1):23-31.
    1. Illueca M, Alemayehu B, Shoetan N, Yang H. Proton pump inhibitor prescribing patterns in newborns and infants. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2014;19(4):283-287.

Substances

LinkOut - more resources