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Observational Study
. 2020 Feb 6;10(1):1980.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58807-9.

Self-reported sleep disturbance in Crohn's disease is not confirmed by objective sleep measures

Heba N Iskandar #  1 , Emily E Linan #  2 , Ami Patel  3 , Renee Moore  4 , Yi Lasanajak  4 , C Prakash Gyawali  2 , Gregory S Sayuk  2   5 , Matthew A Ciorba  6
Affiliations
Observational Study

Self-reported sleep disturbance in Crohn's disease is not confirmed by objective sleep measures

Heba N Iskandar et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Sleep disturbance and fatigue are commonly reported among patients with Crohn's disease (CD). In this prospective study, we aimed to define sleep quality in CD patients at various disease activity states and compare to healthy controls using objective and subjective measures. A prospective observational cohort study of CD patients seen at a tertiary academic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) clinic was compared to healthy volunteers. CD activity was assessed using the Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI). Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and objectively over 1-week using actigraphy (motion-based) and morning urinary melatonin metabolite. 121 subjects (CD patients N = 61; controls N = 60) completed the study. 34 had active CD (HBI > 4). Sleep disturbance was more frequently reported by CD subjects than controls (PSQI: 57% vs. 35%, p = 0.02) and in patients with active CD versus in remission state (PSQI 75.8% vs. 33.3%, p < 0.01; ESS: 45.5% vs. 19%, p = 0.03). Sleep parameters as measured by actigraphy and urine melatonin metabolite did not vary by group. Crohn's patients report significantly more disturbed sleep than controls. However, poor sleep was not confirmed by objective measures of sleep quality. Excessive daytime sleepiness in CD patients may be driven by factors beyond objectively measured poor sleep.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Urinary 6-hydroxymelatoin sulfate/creatinine ratio (aMT6:CR ratio) comparing study groups and correlation between Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI) and a Mt6s:Cr ratio.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mediation effect of Urine melatonin on Crohn’s disease status (active vs (control + remission)) in predicting PSQI poor outcome (PSQI_2 > 5) using logistic regression modeling.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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