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Review
. 2020 Mar;49(1):63-94.
doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2019.09.003. Epub 2019 Dec 24.

Nutrition and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Perspectives

Manu V Chakravarthy  1 , Thomas Waddell  2 , Rajarshi Banerjee  3 , Nicola Guess  4
Affiliations
Free article
Review

Nutrition and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Perspectives

Manu V Chakravarthy et al. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2020 Mar.
Free article

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis are diseases in their own right as well as modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. With expanding knowledge on NAFLD pathogenesis, insights have been gleaned into molecular targets for pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic approaches. Lifestyle modifications constitute a cornerstone of NAFLD management. This article reviews roles of key dietary macronutrients and micronutrients in NAFLD pathogenesis and their effects on molecular targets shared with established or emerging pharmacotherapies. Based on current evidence, a recommendation for a dietary framework as part of the comprehensive management strategy for NAFLD is provided.

Keywords: Amino acids; Fatty acids; Fructose; Insulin resistance; NAFLD; NASH; Obesity; Protein.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosures M.V. Chakravarthy is an employee of Axcella Health, Inc, and holds stock options in the company. T. Waddell and R. Banerjee are employees of Perspectum Diagnostics and hold shares and share options in the company. N. Guess has received research and fellowship funding from Diabetes UK, Diabetes Research and Wellness Foundation, Medical Research Council, Winston Churchill Memorial Trust, the American Overseas Dietetic Association, and Oviva. N. Guess has received consulting fees from Fixing Dad (a low-CHO app), Babylon Health, and Boehringer Ingelheim. This article reflects the independent perspectives of the individual authors and their interpretations of the scientific literature; it does not represent the views or positions of their respective employers/institutions.

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