Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2020 Feb;8(2):452-463.
doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.11.006.

T2-"Low" Asthma: Overview and Management Strategies

Anne M Fitzpatrick  1 , Bradley E Chipps  2 , Fernando Holguin  3 , Prescott G Woodruff  4
Affiliations
Review

T2-"Low" Asthma: Overview and Management Strategies

Anne M Fitzpatrick et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020 Feb.

Abstract

Although the term "asthma" has been applied to all patients with airway lability and variable chest symptoms for centuries, phenotypes of asthma with distinct clinical and molecular features that may warrant different treatment approaches are well recognized. Patients with type 2 (T2)-"high" asthma are characterized by upregulation of T2 immune pathways (ie, IL-4 and IL-13 gene sets) and eosinophilic airway inflammation, whereas these features are absent in patients with T2-"low" asthma and may contribute to poor responsiveness to corticosteroid treatment. This review details definitions and clinical features of T2-"low" asthma, potential mechanisms and metabolic aspects, pediatric considerations, and potential treatment approaches. Priority research questions for T2-"low" asthma are also discussed.

Keywords: Asthma; Asthma in children; Asthma management; Biomarker; Endotype; Eosinophil; Neutrophil; Phenotype; Sensitization; Type 2 inflammation.

PubMed Disclaimer

Substances