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. 2020 Feb 7;61(2):19.
doi: 10.1167/iovs.61.2.19.

Elevated M2 Macrophage Markers in Epiretinal Membranes With Ectopic Inner Foveal Layers

Jiwon Baek  1 , Hye Yeon Park  1 , Jae Hoon Lee  1 , Mihyun Choi  1 , Ji Hyun Lee  1 , Minji Ha  1 , Mee Yon Lee  1
Affiliations

Elevated M2 Macrophage Markers in Epiretinal Membranes With Ectopic Inner Foveal Layers

Jiwon Baek et al. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. .

Abstract

Purpose: To analyze the differences in the vitreous cytokine profiles in epiretinal membrane eyes with and without an ectopic inner foveal layer (EIFL).

Methods: Sixty eyes with epiretinal membrane (32 eyes without EIFL and 28 eyes with EIFL) were included. The vitreous samples were collected during surgery for epiretinal membrane. The cytokine levels of the vitreous were measured using a multiplex bead analysis.

Results: The mean logMAR visual acuity was worse (0.42 vs. 0.37; P = 0.331) and the central foveal thickness was higher in the EIFL group (496.9 µm vs. 434.2 µm; P = 0.007) than they were in the group without EIFL. The mean EIFL thickness was 164.1 ± 67.7 µm in the EIFL group. On multiplex analysis of the vitreous cytokines, the levels of CD163 (21529 pg/dL vs. 10877 pg/dL; P = 0.002) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (206 pg/dL vs. 159 pg/dL, P = 0.004) were significantly higher in the EIFL group than they were in the group without EIFL.

Conclusions: Eyes with EIFL had increased vitreous levels of M2 macrophage markers. The activation of glial cell proliferation by M2 macrophages may contribute to EIFL formation.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure: J. Baek, None; H.Y. Park, None; J.H. Lee, None; M. Choi, None; J.H. Lee, None; M. Ha, None; M.Y. Lee, None

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Ectopic inner foveal layer. The EIFL (asterisk) on SD-OCT was defined by the presence of continuous hyporeflective and hyperreflective bands extending from the inner nuclear layer and inner plexiform layer across the foveal region. The measurement of EIFL thickness was performed manually using the caliper function in the Heidelberg software. This function drew a vertical line from the outer margin of the inner nuclear layer to the inner margin of the internal limiting membrane at the center of the fovea on a 1:1 mm ratio image.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Correlation between M-CSF and CD163 in the non-EILF group and EIFL group. The levels of CD163 and M-CSF were negatively correlated in the EIFL group (r = –0.476; P = 0.011) while no significant correlation was observed in the non-EIFL group (r = 0.050; P = 0.781).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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