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. 2020 Dec 3;71(9):e421-e429.
doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa150.

Continued Evidence of the Impact of Rotavirus Vaccine in Children Less Than 3 Years of Age From the United States New Vaccine Surveillance Network: A Multisite Active Surveillance Program, 2006-2016

Mary Allen Staat  1 , Daniel C Payne  2 , Natasha Halasa  3 , Geoffrey A Weinberg  4 , Stephanie Donauer  1   5 , Mary Wikswo  2 , Monica McNeal  1 , Kathryn M Edwards  3 , Peter G Szilagyi  4 , David I Bernstein  1 , Aaron T Curns  2 , Iddrisu Sulemana  2 , Mathew D Esona  2 , Michael D Bowen  2 , Umesh D Parashar  2 ; New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN)
Affiliations

Continued Evidence of the Impact of Rotavirus Vaccine in Children Less Than 3 Years of Age From the United States New Vaccine Surveillance Network: A Multisite Active Surveillance Program, 2006-2016

Mary Allen Staat et al. Clin Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Since 2006, the New Vaccine Surveillance Network has conducted active, population-based surveillance for acute gastroenteritis (AGE) hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits in 3 United States counties. Trends in the epidemiology and disease burden of rotavirus hospitalizations and ED visits were examined from 2006 to 2016.

Methods: Children < 3 years of age hospitalized or visiting the ED with AGE were enrolled from January 2006 through June 2016. Bulk stool specimens were collected and tested for rotavirus. Rotavirus-associated hospitalization and ED visit rates were calculated annually with 2006-2007 defined as the prevaccine period and 2008-2016 as the postvaccine period. Rotavirus genotype trends were compared over time.

Results: Over 11 seasons, 6954 children with AGE were enrolled and submitted a stool specimen (2187 hospitalized and 4767 in the ED). Comparing pre- and postvaccine periods, the proportion of children with rotavirus dramatically declined for hospitalization (49% vs 10%) and ED visits (49% vs 8%). In the postvaccine era, a biennial pattern of rotavirus rates was observed, with a trend toward an older median age. G1P[8] (63%) was the predominant genotype in the prevaccine period with a significantly lower proportion (7%) in the postvaccine period (P < .001). G2P[4] remained stable (8% to 14%) in both periods, whereas G3P[8] and G12P[8] increased in proportion from pre- to postvaccine periods (1% to 25% and 17% to 40%), respectively.

Conclusions: The epidemiology and disease burden of rotavirus has been altered by rotavirus vaccination with a biennial disease pattern, sustained low rates of rotavirus in children < 3 years of age, and a shift in the residual genotypes from G1P[8] to other genotypes.

Keywords: acute gastroenteritis; population-based surveillance; rotavirus; vaccine impact.

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