[Neonatal vitamin K prophylaxis and vitamin k deficiency hemorrhages in Switzerland 1986-1988]

Abstract

On the basis of an inquiry held in Switzerland in May 1988, over 99% of all newborn receive vitamin K prophylaxis, 59% orally and 41% intramuscularly. In the previous 2 1/2 years, ten cases of bleeding due to vitamin K deficiency had been observed, of which two were inadequately documented. In two children there was early haemorrhage and late haemorrhage in eight. The latter were all exclusively breast-fed and had received oral vitamin K prophylaxis. Seven presented with vitamin K deficiency due to cholestasis or chronic diarrhea. The only "idiopathic" case is insufficiently documented. The advantages and disadvantages of oral and intramuscular prophylaxis are discussed. A definite stand in favour of the one route or the other is not possible at present. However, the continuation of general prophylaxis is undoubtedly necessary.