Materials and logistics for carbon dioxide capture, storage and utilization

Abstract

The efforts to curtail carbon dioxide presence in the atmosphere are a strong function of the available technologies to capture, store and usefully utilize it. Materials with adequate CO₂ sorption kinetics that are both effective and economical are of prime importance for the whole capture system to be built around. This work identifies such materials that are currently used in CO₂ adsorption beds/columns at different global locations, along with their vital operational parameters, logistics and costs. Three main classes of materials currently in use to that end are discussed in detail here, namely solid sorbents, advanced solvents membrane systems. These materials are then compared in terms of their potential CO₂ uptake, operating parameters and ease of use and implementation of the respective technology. Tabular data are appended to each technology covered with the most relevant advantages and disadvantages. With such comprehensive survey of the recent state-of-the-art materials, recommendations are also made to facilitate the selection of systems based on their CO₂ yield, price and suitability to the geographical location.

Keywords: Advanced solvents; Carbon dioxide storage and capture; Membrane systems; Solid sorbents.