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Review
. 2020 Jan 30;5(5):2041-2048.
doi: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03764. eCollection 2020 Feb 11.

Empowering Clinical Diagnostics with Mass Spectrometry

Shibdas Banerjee  1
Affiliations
Review

Empowering Clinical Diagnostics with Mass Spectrometry

Shibdas Banerjee. ACS Omega. .

Abstract

The unmet need for highly accurate methods of disease diagnosis poses new challenges for developments in laboratory medicine. Advances in mass spectrometry (MS)-based disease biomarker discoveries are continuously expanding the clinical diagnostic landscape. Although a number of MS-based in vitro diagnostics are already adopted in routine clinical practices, more are expected to undergo transition from bench to bedside in the near future. The ultrahigh sensitivity, specificity, and low turnaround time in molecular detection by MS make this technology highly powerful in disease detection and therapy monitoring. This mini-review highlights how MS has created a new paradigm in clinical diagnosis, which is growing in importance for public health.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author declares no competing financial interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Portrayal ranges of different ionization techniques in the discovery of biomarkers of various molecular weights and polarity.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic overview of the workflow in clinical diagnosis based on mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS or LC-ESI-MS).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Schematic diagrams of (a) desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS), (b) paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PSI-MS), (c) touch spray ionization mass spectrometry (TSI-MS), (d) extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (EESI-MS), (e) rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) or iKnife, (f) MassSpec Pen, (g) direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS), and (h) matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MALDESI-MS).
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) H&E of a prostate tissue specimen that contains both normal (black outline) and cancer (red outline) areas. (b) Negative ion mode DESI-MSI of the adjacent section (15 μm thickness) mapping the differential distribution of a phosphatidic acid (m/z 709.4778) and a phosphatidylserine (m/z 788.5409) throughout the tissue (overlaid image in bicolor), distinguishing the areas of cancer and normal. (c) Extracted ion chronograms of glucose and citrate over a line scan of a typical prostate tissue specimen (H&E shown in the inset) that contains both normal (black outline) and cancer (red outline) areas.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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