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Review
. 2020 May:132:109942.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.109942. Epub 2020 Feb 8.

How well do we know Gradenigo? A comprehensive literature review and proposal for novel diagnostic categories of Gradenigo's syndrome

John McLaren  1 , Michael S Cohen  2 , Chadi M El Saleeby  3
Affiliations
Review

How well do we know Gradenigo? A comprehensive literature review and proposal for novel diagnostic categories of Gradenigo's syndrome

John McLaren et al. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 May.

Abstract

Gradenigo's Syndrome is a rare complication of otitis media and/or mastoiditis resulting in inflammation of the petrous apex of the temporal bone. Here, we highlight an interesting case from our institution, summarize available pediatric cases from the past fifty years to provide an updated diagnostic categorization for this rare condition with confusing nomenclature, and suggest guidance for diagnosis and management.

Keywords: Gradenigo's syndrome; Pediatrics; Petrous apicitis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors do not have any conflicts of interest to disclose relevant to this work.

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