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. 2020 Sep;57(9):591-600.
doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106529. Epub 2020 Feb 17.

Association between genetic polymorphisms and endometrial cancer risk: a systematic review

Cemsel Bafligil  1 , Deborah J Thompson  2 , Artitaya Lophatananon  3 , Miriam J Smith  4 , Neil Aj Ryan  1 , Anie Naqvi  5 , D Gareth Evans  4 , Emma J Crosbie  6   7
Affiliations

Association between genetic polymorphisms and endometrial cancer risk: a systematic review

Cemsel Bafligil et al. J Med Genet. 2020 Sep.

Abstract

Introduction: Endometrial cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in women. Although there is a hereditary component to endometrial cancer, most cases are thought to be sporadic and lifestyle related. The aim of this study was to systematically review prospective and retrospective case-control studies, meta-analyses and genome-wide association studies to identify genomic variants that may be associated with endometrial cancer risk.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL from 2007 to 2019 without restrictions. We followed PRISMA 2009 guidelines. The search yielded 3015 hits in total. Following duplicate exclusion, 2674 abstracts were screened and 453 full-texts evaluated based on our pre-defined screening criteria. 149 articles were eligible for inclusion.

Results: We found that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HNF1B, KLF, EIF2AK, CYP19A1, SOX4 and MYC were strongly associated with incident endometrial cancer. Nineteen variants were reported with genome-wide significance and a further five with suggestive significance. No convincing evidence was found for the widely studied MDM2 variant rs2279744. Publication bias and false discovery rates were noted throughout the literature.

Conclusion: Endometrial cancer risk may be influenced by SNPs in genes involved in cell survival, oestrogen metabolism and transcriptional control. Larger cohorts are needed to identify more variants with genome-wide significance.

Keywords: endometrial cancer; genetic epidemiology; risk prediction; single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP); systematic review.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study selection flow diagram. *Reasons: irrelevant articles, articles focusing on other conditions, non-GWAS/candidate-gene study related articles, technical and duplicate articles. GWAS, genome-wide association study. Adapted from: Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, The PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Med 6(6): e1000097. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed1000097.
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