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. 2020 Feb 13;20(4):1009.
doi: 10.3390/s20041009.

A Large Detection-Range Plasmonic Sensor Based on An H-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber

Haixia Han  1 , Donglian Hou  1 , Lei Zhao  1 , Nannan Luan  1 , Li Song  1 , Zhaohong Liu  1 , Yudong Lian  1 , Jianfei Liu  1 , Yongsheng Hu  2
Affiliations

A Large Detection-Range Plasmonic Sensor Based on An H-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber

Haixia Han et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

An H-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is proposed for detecting large refractive index (RI) range which can either be higher or lower than the RI of the fiber material used. The grooves of the H-shaped PCF as the sensing channels are coated with gold film and then brought into direct contact with the analyte, which not only reduces the complexity of the fabrication but also provides reusable capacity compared with other designs. The sensing performance of the proposed sensor is investigated by using the finite element method. Numerical results show that the sensor can work normally in the large analyte RI (na) range from 1.33 to 1.49, and reach the maximum sensitivity of 25,900 nm/RIU (RI units) at the na range 1.47-1.48. Moreover, the sensor shows good stability in the tolerances of 10% of the gold-film thickness.

Keywords: fiber optics sensors; photonic crystal fiber; refractive index sensor; surface plasmon resonance.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Schematic diagram of the proposed H-shaped photonic crystal fiber-based surface plasmon resonance (PCF-SPR) sensor; (b) cross-section of the SPR sensor; (c) experimental setup of the SPR sensor for refractive index (RI) detection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Re (neff) curves of the y-polarized core mode (black solid curve) and y-polarized surface plasmon polariton (SPP) mode at na = 1.43, 1.45, and 1.47 (red solid, red dashed and red dotted curves); (b) loss spectra of the y-polarized core mode at na = 1.43, 1.45, and 1.47; (c) y-polarized electric field distributions of core mode and SPP mode at specific wavelengths (A for core mode at 800 nm with na = 1.43, B for SPP mode at 992 nm with na = 1.43, C for core mode at 1006 nm with na = 1.43, D for core mode at 1367 nm with na = 1.45 and E for core mode at 1791 nm with na = 1.47), arrows indicate polarized direction of electric fields.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Loss spectra of the SPR sensor at na = 1.43 when the thickness of gold film (m1 = m2) is 30 nm,40 nm, and 50 nm; (b) peak wavelengths, (c) peak loss and (d) sensitivities of the SPR sensor at various na when the thickness of gold film (m1 = m2) is 30 nm, 40 nm, and 50 nm.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Loss spectra of y-polarized core mode at na = 1.47 when m1 is fixed at 40 nm and m2 changes in the range of ±10%.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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