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. 2020 Feb 17;91(1-S):5-10.
doi: 10.23750/abm.v91i1-S.9241.

An International Survey on the pragmatic management of epistaxis

Desiderio Passali  1 , Valerio Damiani  2 , Francesco Maria Passali  3 , Maria Angela Tosca  4 , Gaetano Motta  5 , Giorgio Ciprandi  6
Affiliations

An International Survey on the pragmatic management of epistaxis

Desiderio Passali et al. Acta Biomed. .

Abstract

Epistaxis is one of the most common ear, nose and throat emergencies. The management of epistaxis has evolved significantly in recent years, including the use of nasal cautery and packs. However, a correct treatment requires the knowledge of nasal anatomy, potential risks, and complications of treatment. Epistaxis is often a simple and readily treatable condition, even though a significant bleed may have potentially severe consequences. At present, there are very few guidelines concerning this topic. The current Survey explored the pragmatic approach in managing epistaxis. A questionnaire, including 7 practical questions has been used. The current International Survey on epistaxis management reported a relevant prevalence (21.7%), mainly during childhood and senescence, an important hospitalization rate (11.8%), the common use of anterior packing and electrocoagulation, and the popular prescription of a vitamin supplement and intranasal creams.

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Conflict of interest statement

all the authors, but DV employee of DMG, have no conflict of interest about this matter.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Age distribution: 1= 0-5 years; 2= 6-12 y; 3=13-17 y; 4=18-40 y; 5= 41-60 y; 6= >60 y
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Treatment options in children: 1= electrocoagulation; 2= anterior packing; 3= nasal creams; 4= topical vasoconstrictors; 5= silver nitrate
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Treatment options in adults: 1= electrocoagulation; 2= anterior packing; 3= oral medications
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Prevention strategies: 1=management of arterial hypertension; 2= control of coagulation dysfunction; 3= ORL follow-up; 4= oral medications; 5= nasal creams; 6= nasal lavage
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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