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. 2020 Apr;22(4):664-672.
doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1750. Epub 2020 Feb 20.

Trends in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction

Nadia Aissaoui  1   2   3 , Etienne Puymirat  2   4 , Clément Delmas  5 , Sofia Ortuno  1   2 , Eric Durand  6   7 , Vincent Bataille  5 , Elodie Drouet  6   7 , Laurent Bonello  8 , Eric Bonnefoy-Cudraz  9 , Gilles Lesmeles  10 , Emmanuel Guerot  1   2 , Francois Schiele  11 , Tabassome Simon  6   12   13   14 , Nicolas Danchin  2   4   13
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Free article

Trends in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction

Nadia Aissaoui et al. Eur J Heart Fail. 2020 Apr.
Free article

Abstract

Aims: Few studies describe recent changes in the prevalence, management, and outcomes of cardiogenic shock (CS) patients complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the era of widespread use of invasive strategies. The aim of the present study was to analyse trends observed in CS complicating AMI over the past 10 years, focusing on the timing of CS occurrence (i.e. primary CS, CS on admission vs. secondary CS, CS developed subsequently during hospitalization).

Methods and results: Three nationwide French registries conducted and designed to evaluate AMI management and outcomes in 'real-life' practice included consecutive AMI patients (n = 9951) admitted to intensive cardiovascular care units (ICCUs) over a 1-month period, 5 years apart. The prevalence of CS complicating AMI decreased from 2005 to 2015: 5.9%, mean age 74.1 ± 12.7 in 2005; 4.0%, mean age 73.9 ± 12.7 in 2010, 2.8%, mean age 71.1 ± 15.0 in 2015 (P < 0.001). It decreased for both primary (1.8% to 1.0%) and secondary CS (4.1% to 1.8%). The profile of CS patients also changed over time with more patients presenting out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. In both primary and secondary CS, the use of percutaneous coronary intervention increased markedly over time, as did the use of mechanical ventilation and cardiac assist devices. Over the 10-year period, in-hospital mortality remained unchanged for both primary CS (41.8% to 37.8%) or secondary CS (57.3% to 58.8%). However, 1-year mortality decreased in patients with primary CS (from 60% to 37.8%, P = 0.038), and remained unchanged in patients developing secondary CS (from 64.5% to 69.1%, P = 0.731).

Conclusion: Cardiogenic shock complicating AMI has become less frequent but, if present, CS, and particularly secondary CS, carries a very high mortality, which has not substantially improved over the past 10 years, in spite of the more frequent use of invasive strategies.

Keywords: Cardiogenic shock; Epidemiology; Myocardial infarction.

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