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. 2020 Jan;26(1):50-60.
doi: 10.4258/hir.2020.26.1.50. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

Immediate Effects and Acceptability of an Application-Based Stretching Exercise Incorporating Deep Slow Breathing for Neck Pain Self-management

Sadudee Thongtipmak  1   2 , Orawan Buranruk  1   2 , Wichai Eungpinichpong  1   2 , Kurusart Konharn  1   2
Affiliations

Immediate Effects and Acceptability of an Application-Based Stretching Exercise Incorporating Deep Slow Breathing for Neck Pain Self-management

Sadudee Thongtipmak et al. Healthc Inform Res. 2020 Jan.

Abstract

Objectives: This study evaluated the immediate effects and acceptability of a smartphone application named NeckProtector to promote neck pain self-management through stretching incorporating deep slow breathing, among smartphone users with neck pain.

Methods: One-hundred participants were recruited in the study. Participants were divided into two groups by block randomized allocation. The researchers gave the NeckProtector application to all participants for acceptability testing by navigation of the application for 20-30 minutes. Next, the treatment group (n = 50) conducted the exercise program via smartphone application for 15-20 minutes, while the control group (n = 50) rested for 20 minutes. Evaluations were performed at baseline and after intervention for pain intensity, muscle tension, pressure pain threshold (PPT), and cervical range of motion (CROM). Quantitative and qualitative feedback was then obtained by an acceptability survey and open-ended questionnaires.

Results: The immediate effects showed statistically significant improvements in pain intensity, muscle tension, PPT, and CROM in the treatment group in comparison to the control group. Participants reported a high level of acceptability through ratings on a Likert scale. The qualitative questionnaires received positive responses that the application was easy to use and the exercise program was useful to cope with neck pain.

Conclusions: NeckProtector can be an alternative treatment for neck pain self-management via smartphone application among smartphone users with neck pain. Further studies should examine the long-term effectiveness (Clinical trials registry: TCTR20160523001).

Keywords: Breathing Exercises; Mobile Applications; Muscle Stretching Exercises; Neck Pain; Self-Management.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Home screen of NeckProtector.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Screenshots of (A) breathing test and (B) breathing pattern setting.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Exercise menu consists of three parts: (A) modified visual analog scale, (B) painful areas selection, and (C) description of the exercise postures.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Screenshot of exercise sessions.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Exercise program consists of five postures: (A) neck lateral flexion, (B) neck flexion with lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation, (C) neck extension with lateral flexion and contralateral rotation, (D) neck flexion, and (E) trunk twist and neck ipsilateral rotation.
Figure 6
Figure 6. Screenshots of (A) graphical recording, (B) daily results in calendar format, and (C) information.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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