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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2020 Feb 21;15(2):e0228391.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228391. eCollection 2020.

A multi-center randomized prospective study on the treatment of infant bronchiolitis with interferon α1b nebulization

Lina Chen  1   2 , Mingfang Shi  3 , Quanmin Deng  4 , Wenjun Liu  5 , Qin Li  6 , Piao Ye  7 , Xiahui Yu  8 , Benjin Zhang  9 , Yuxia Xu  10 , Xiaolan Li  11 , Yao Yang  12 , Min Li  13 , Yi Yan  14 , Zhe Xu  15 , Jing Yu  16 , Long Xiang  17 , Xiaojun Tang  18 , Guangping Wan  19 , Qiang Cai  20 , Li Wang  21 , Bo Hu  22 , Liang Xie  1   2 , Gen Li  23 , Lunyan Xie  3 , Xiaoyun Liu  4 , Chunyan Liu  5 , Li Li  6 , Lijie Chen  7 , Xiaobin Jiang  8 , Yana Huang  9 , Si Wang  10 , Jiang Guo  11 , Yan Shi  12 , Li Li  13 , Xiaofang Wang  14 , Zhiyong Zhao  15 , Yan Li  16 , Yanru Liu  23 , Qiang Fu  3 , Yan Zeng  4 , Yan Zou  5 , Dingyuan Liu  6 , Deyun Wan  24 , Tao Ai  24 , Hanmin Liu  1   2
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

A multi-center randomized prospective study on the treatment of infant bronchiolitis with interferon α1b nebulization

Lina Chen et al. PLoS One. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Background: The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main cause of bronchiolitis in infants and interferon (IFN) α is a commercial antiviral drug. The nebulization of IFN α1b could be a viable treatment method. In this study, the therapeutic effects and safety of IFN α1b delivery via nebulization in infant bronchiolitis were investigated in this multi-center prospective study.

Methods and findings: Bronchiolitis patients admitted to 22 hospitals who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled and randomly allocated to four groups: control, IFN Intramuscular Injection, IFN Nebulization 1 (1 μg/kg), and IFN Nebulization 2 (2 μg/kg) groups. All patients were observed for 7 days. The therapeutic effects and safety of different IFN delivery doses and delivery modes were evaluated. Coughing severity change, as scored by the researchers and parents, between days 1 and 3 was significantly different between the IFN Nebulization 2 and control groups. Lowell wheezing score change between days 3 and 5 was significantly different between IFN Nebulization 1 and control groups. There were no significant differences among the four groups regarding the number of consecutive days with fever, three-concave sign, fatigue and sleepiness, and loss of appetite. There were no cases of severe complications, no recurrence of fever, and no regression of mental status.

Conclusions: IFN-α1b could more effectively alleviate coughing and wheezing in bronchiolitis. IFN-α1b nebulization had significant advantages in shortening the duration of wheezing and alleviating coughing.

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Conflict of interest statement

LC was funded by the Support Program of Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province (No. 2015SZ0152). HL was funded by the Support Program of Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province (No. 2013SZ0040). The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. The flow diagram of this study.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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