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Review
. 2020 Jan;9(1):1-7.
doi: 10.7774/cevr.2020.9.1.1. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

Hepatitis B vaccination and immunotherapies: an update

Cristina Stasi  1   2 , Caterina Silvestri  1 , Fabio Voller  1
Affiliations
Review

Hepatitis B vaccination and immunotherapies: an update

Cristina Stasi et al. Clin Exp Vaccine Res. 2020 Jan.

Abstract

World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 257 million people were living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Highest HBV prevalence was found in the WHO Western Pacific Region (6.2%) and in the WHO African Region (6.1%). The HBV vaccine is the best protection against chronic HBV infection and its complications. Globally, routine infant immunization against HBV has increased with an estimated coverage of 84% in 2017. Nevertheless, in many countries further efforts are needed to implement this coverage and ensure national immunization programs for people at major risk for HBV infection. Therapeutic vaccination in chronic HBV infected patients can cause anti-HBV immune responses able to remove and/or cure infected hepatocytes. It shows promising results in murine model and human trials, but these results need to be consolidated by further multicenter clinical studies. In particular, the efficacy of therapeutic vaccine seems to improve by combination therapies.

Keywords: Chronic hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus infection; Therapeutic vaccine; Vaccination.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

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