Evolutionary consequences of feedbacks between within-host competition and disease control

Megan A Greischar¹, Helen K Alexander², Farrah Bashey³, Ana I Bento⁴, Amrita Bhattacharya³, Mary Bushman⁵, Lauren M Childs⁶, David R Daversa^{7

8}, Troy Day⁹, Christina L Faust¹⁰, Molly E Gallagher⁵, Sylvain Gandon¹¹, Caroline K Glidden¹², Fletcher W Halliday¹³, Kathryn A Hanley¹⁴, Tsukushi Kamiya¹, Andrew F Read¹⁵, Philipp Schwabl¹⁰, Amy R Sweeny², Ann T Tate¹⁶, Robin N Thompson^{2

17

18}, Nina Wale¹⁹, Helen J Wearing²⁰, Pamela J Yeh²¹, Nicole Mideo¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St., Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada.
² Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Zoology Research and Administration Building, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK.
³ Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 E. 3rd St., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
⁴ Odum School of Ecology and the Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, 140 E Green St., Athens, GA 30602, USA.
⁵ Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
⁶ Department of Mathematics, McBryde Hall, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
⁷ Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK.
⁸ Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, NW1 4RY, UK.
⁹ Departments of Mathematics & Biology, Jeffery Hall, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
¹⁰ Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
¹¹ CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS - Université de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier, EPHE, 1919, Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
¹² Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, 3029 Cordley Hall Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
¹³ Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, 8057, Switzerland.
¹⁴ Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Foster Hall, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
¹⁵ Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences; Departments of Biology and Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
¹⁷ Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK.
¹⁸ Christ Church, University of Oxford, St Aldates, Oxford OX1 1DP, UK.
¹⁹ Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 1105 North University Ave, Biological Sciences Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
²⁰ Departments of Biology and Mathematics & Statistics, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
²¹ Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, 621 Charles E Young Dr South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

PMID: 32099654
PMCID: PMC7027713
DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoaa004

Evolutionary consequences of feedbacks between within-host competition and disease control

Megan A Greischar et al. Evol Med Public Health. 2020.

. 2020 Feb 4;2020(1):30-34.

doi: 10.1093/emph/eoaa004. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St., Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada.
² Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Zoology Research and Administration Building, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK.
³ Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 E. 3rd St., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
⁴ Odum School of Ecology and the Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, 140 E Green St., Athens, GA 30602, USA.
⁵ Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
⁶ Department of Mathematics, McBryde Hall, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
⁷ Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK.
⁸ Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, NW1 4RY, UK.
⁹ Departments of Mathematics & Biology, Jeffery Hall, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
¹⁰ Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
¹¹ CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS - Université de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier, EPHE, 1919, Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
¹² Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, 3029 Cordley Hall Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
¹³ Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, 8057, Switzerland.
¹⁴ Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Foster Hall, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
¹⁵ Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Huck Institutes for the Life Sciences; Departments of Biology and Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
¹⁷ Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK.
¹⁸ Christ Church, University of Oxford, St Aldates, Oxford OX1 1DP, UK.
¹⁹ Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 1105 North University Ave, Biological Sciences Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
²⁰ Departments of Biology and Mathematics & Statistics, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
²¹ Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, 621 Charles E Young Dr South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

PMID: 32099654
PMCID: PMC7027713
DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoaa004

Abstract

Lay Summary: Competition often occurs among diverse parasites within a single host, but control efforts could change its strength. We examined how the interplay between competition and control could shape the evolution of parasite traits like drug resistance and disease severity.

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Figures

**Figure 1.**
Empirical insights on epidemiological feedbacks driving parasite evolution. (A) Reducing transmission could lower multiple infection prevalence and thereby facilitate faster spread of resistance. Competition suppresses the transmission of drug resistance in rodent malaria parasites [3]. (B) Reducing transmission decreases multiple infection prevalence, increasing (i) or decreasing (ii) virulence, depending on the mechanism of competition. (i) Entomopathogenic nematodes release mutualistic bacteria (colored shapes) into host caterpillars after invading. Bacteria and nematodes grow separately until host death, when nematodes reacquire bacteria and exit the cadaver. Bacteria strains interfere with one another—delaying host death—by producing bacteriocins [reviewed in 1]. (ii) Coinfecting rodent malaria strains (colored shapes) compete for resources, and diverse infections generate greater anemia [3]. (C) Isolating superspreaders generates selection on per-parasite transmissibility. Artificial selection for production of many nematodes (black squiggles) emerging from caterpillar cadavers (i.e. superspreading) resulted in smaller nematodes—expected to reduce transmissibility—compared with selection for the production of few nematodes [10]

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References

1. Mideo N. Parasite adaptations to within-host competition. Trends Parasitol 2009;25:261–8. - PubMed
1. Thompson RN, Wymant C, Spriggs RA. et al. Link between the numbers of particles and variants founding new HIV-1 infections depends on the timing of transmission. Virus Evol 2019;5:1–14. - PMC - PubMed
1. Huijben S, Sim DG, Nelson WA. et al. The fitness of drug-resistant malaria parasites in a rodent model: multiplicity of infection. J Evol Biol 2011;24:2410–22. - PMC - PubMed
1. Wale N, Sim DG, Jones MJ. et al. Resource limitation prevents the emergence of drug resistance by intensifying within-host competition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2017;114:13774–9. - PMC - PubMed
1. Bhattacharya A, Toro Díaz VC, Morran LT. et al. Evolution of increased virulence is associated with decreased spite in the insect-pathogenic bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila. Biol Lett 2019;15:20190432. - PMC - PubMed

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Evolutionary consequences of feedbacks between within-host competition and disease control

Affiliations

Evolutionary consequences of feedbacks between within-host competition and disease control

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Figures

References

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources