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Review
. 2020 Feb 5:13:29-41.
doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S241099. eCollection 2020.

Some of the Factors Involved in Male Infertility: A Prospective Review

Emad Babakhanzadeh  1   2 , Majid Nazari  1 , Sina Ghasemifar  1 , Ali Khodadadian  1
Affiliations
Review

Some of the Factors Involved in Male Infertility: A Prospective Review

Emad Babakhanzadeh et al. Int J Gen Med. .

Abstract

Infertility is defined as the inability of couples to have a baby after one year of regular unprotected intercourse, affecting 10 to 15% of couples. According to the latest WHO statistics, approximately 50-80 million people worldwide sufer from infertility, and male factors are responsible for approximately 20-30% of all infertility cases. The diagnosis of infertility in men is mainly based on semen analysis. The main parameters of semen include: concentration, appearance and motility of sperm. Causes of infertility in men include a variety of things including hormonal disorders, physical problems, lifestyle problems, psychological issues, sex problems, chromosomal abnormalities and single-gene defects. Despite numerous efforts by researchers to identify the underlying causes of male infertility, about 70% of cases remain unknown. These statistics show a lack of understanding of the mechanisms involved in male infertility. This article focuses on the histology of testicular tissue samples, the male reproductive structure, factors affecting male infertility, strategies available to find genes involved in infertility, existing therapeutic methods for male infertility, and sperm recovery in infertile men.

Keywords: azoospermia; male infertility; non-obstructive azoospermia; spermatogenesis.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Main factors involved in male infertility.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic of the Blood-Testis Barrier.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Spermatogenesis process.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Brain-pituitary-testicular axis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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