Perspectives in fluid biomarkers in neurodegeneration from the 2019 biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases course-a joint PhD student course at University College London and University of Gothenburg

Pawel Obrocki¹, Ayesha Khatun², Deborah Ness³, Konstantin Senkevich^{4

5}, Jörg Hanrieder^{6

7}, Federica Capraro^{8

9}, Niklas Mattsson^{10

11}, Ulf Andreasson^{7

12}, Erik Portelius^{7

12}, Nicholas J Ashton^{7

13

14

15}, Kaj Blennow^{7

12}, Michael Schöll^{2

7

13

16}, Ross W Paterson², Jonathan M Schott², Henrik Zetterberg^{7

12

17

18}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK. pawel.obrocki@nhs.net.
² Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegeneration, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
³ Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
⁴ First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia.
⁵ Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Gatchina, Russia.
⁶ Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
⁷ Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
⁸ The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
⁹ Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
¹⁰ Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
¹¹ Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
¹² Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
¹³ Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
¹⁴ Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK.
¹⁵ NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health & Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation, London, UK.
¹⁶ Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
¹⁷ UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK.
¹⁸ Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK.

PMID: 32111242
PMCID: PMC7049194
DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00586-6

Review

Perspectives in fluid biomarkers in neurodegeneration from the 2019 biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases course-a joint PhD student course at University College London and University of Gothenburg

Pawel Obrocki et al. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2020.

. 2020 Feb 28;12(1):20.

doi: 10.1186/s13195-020-00586-6.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK. pawel.obrocki@nhs.net.
² Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegeneration, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
³ Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
⁴ First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia.
⁵ Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Gatchina, Russia.
⁶ Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
⁷ Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
⁸ The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
⁹ Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
¹⁰ Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
¹¹ Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
¹² Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
¹³ Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
¹⁴ Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK.
¹⁵ NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health & Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation, London, UK.
¹⁶ Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
¹⁷ UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK.
¹⁸ Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK.

PMID: 32111242
PMCID: PMC7049194
DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00586-6

Abstract

Until relatively recently, a diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders was principally based on clinical presentation, with post-mortem examination remaining a gold standard for disease confirmation. This is in sharp contrast to other areas of medicine, where fluid biomarkers, such as troponin levels in myocardial infarction, form an integral part of the diagnostic and treatment criteria. There is a pressing need for such quantifiable and easily accessible tools in neurodegenerative diseases.In this paper, based on lectures given at the 2019 Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases Course, we provide an overview of a range of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood biomarkers in neurodegenerative disorders, including the 'core' AD biomarkers amyloid β (Aβ) and tau, as well as other disease-specific and general markers of neuroaxonal injury. We then highlight the main challenges in the field, and how those could be overcome with the aid of new methodological advances, such as assay automation, mass spectrometry and ultrasensitive immunoassays.As we hopefully move towards an era of disease-modifying treatments, reliable biomarkers will be essential to increase diagnostic accuracy, allow for earlier diagnosis, better participant selection and disease activity and treatment effect monitoring.

Keywords: Amyloid; Biomarkers; ELISA; Mass spectrometry; Neurodegeneration; Neurofilament light; Neurogranin; Simoa; Tau; α-Synuclein.

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Conflict of interest statement

HZ has served at scientific advisory boards for Roche Diagnostics, Wave, Samumed and CogRx, has given lectures in symposia sponsored by Biogen and Alzecure and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB, a GU Ventures-based platform company at the University of Gothenburg (all outside submitted work). The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.

References

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Perspectives in fluid biomarkers in neurodegeneration from the 2019 biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases course-a joint PhD student course at University College London and University of Gothenburg

Affiliations

Perspectives in fluid biomarkers in neurodegeneration from the 2019 biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases course-a joint PhD student course at University College London and University of Gothenburg

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

References

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LinkOut - more resources

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Medical