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. 2020 Feb 27;21(5):1614.
doi: 10.3390/ijms21051614.

No Influence of Overweight/Obesity on Exercise Lipid Oxidation: A Systematic Review

Avigdor D Arad  1 , Anthony J Basile  1 , Jeanine Albu  1 , Fred J DiMenna  1   2
Affiliations

No Influence of Overweight/Obesity on Exercise Lipid Oxidation: A Systematic Review

Avigdor D Arad et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Compared to lean counterparts, overweight/obese individuals rely less on lipid during fasting. This deficiency has been implicated in the association between overweight/obesity and blunted insulin signaling via elevated intramuscular triglycerides. However, the capacity for overweight/obese individuals to use lipid during exercise is unclear. This review was conducted to formulate a consensus regarding the influence of overweight/obesity on exercise lipid use. PubMed, ProQuest, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. Articles were included if they presented original research on the influence of overweight/obesity on exercise fuel use in generally healthy sedentary adults. Articles were excluded if they assessed older adults, individuals with chronic disease, and/or exercise limitations or physically-active individuals. The search identified 1205 articles with 729 considered for inclusion after duplicate removal. Once titles, abstracts, and/or manuscripts were assessed, 24 articles were included. The preponderance of evidence from these articles indicates that overweight/obese individuals rely on lipid to a similar extent during exercise. However, conflicting findings were found in eight articles due to the outcome measure cited, participant characteristics other than overweight/obesity and characteristics of the exercise bout(s). We also identified factors other than body fatness which can influence exercise lipid oxidation that should be controlled in future research.

Keywords: exercise lipid oxidation; insulin resistance; insulin signal transduction pathway; intramuscular triglycerides; overweight/obesity; type 2 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic representation of the deleterious influence of elevated intramuscular ceramide concentration on two different steps of the insulin signal transduction pathway. The acute effect involves ceramide-induced inhibition of protein kinase B (Akt) via protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A) or atypical protein kinase Cs (aPKCs) while a chronic effect occurs due to activation of the protein kinase R (PKR) stress pathway which negatively impacts insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) [8].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flow diagram depicting the study-selection process that was used to conduct this systematic review.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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