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. 2020 Feb 18;50(1):56-66.
doi: 10.5051/jpis.2020.50.1.56. eCollection 2020 Feb.

Comparison of implant stability measurements between a resonance frequency analysis device and a modified damping capacity analysis device: an in vitro study

Jungwon Lee  1 , Se-Wook Pyo  2 , Hyun-Jae Cho  3 , Jung-Sub An  4 , Jae-Hyun Lee  5 , Ki-Tae Koo  6 , Yong-Moo Lee  6
Affiliations

Comparison of implant stability measurements between a resonance frequency analysis device and a modified damping capacity analysis device: an in vitro study

Jungwon Lee et al. J Periodontal Implant Sci. .

Abstract

Purpose: A stability-measuring device that utilizes damping capacity analysis (DCA) has recently been introduced in the field of dental implantology. This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and reliability of this device by measuring the implant stability of ex vivo samples in comparison with a resonance frequency analysis (RFA) device.

Methods: Six implant beds were prepared in porcine ribs using 3 different drilling protocols to simulate various implant stability conditions. Thirty-six pork ribs and 216 bone-level implants measuring 10 mm in height were used. The implant beds were prepared using 1 of the following 3 drilling protocols: 10-mm drilling depth with a 3.5-mm-diameter twist drill, 5-mm drilling depth with a 4.0-mm-diameter twist drill, and 10-mm drilling depth with a 4.0-mm-diameter twist drill. The first 108 implants were external-connection implants 4.0 mm in diameter, while the other 108 implants were internal-connection implants 4.3 mm in diameter. The peak insertion torque (PIT) during implant placement, the stability values obtained with DCA and RFA devices after implant placement, and the peak removal torque (PRT) during implant removal were measured.

Results: The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of the implant stability quotient (ISQ) results obtained using the RFA device at the medial, distal, ventral, and dorsal points were 0.997, 0.994, 0.994, and 0.998, respectively. The ICCs of the implant stability test (IST) results obtained using the DCA device at the corresponding locations were 0.972, 0.975, 0.974, and 0.976, respectively. Logarithmic relationships between PIT and IST, PIT and ISQ, PRT and IST, and PRT and ISQ were observed. The mean absolute difference between the ISQ and IST values on a Bland-Altman plot was -6.76 (-25.05 to 11.53, P<0.05).

Conclusions: Within the limits of ex vivo studies, measurements made using the RFA and DCA devices were found to be correlated under a variety of stability conditions.

Keywords: Dental implant; Diagnostic techniques and procedures; Osseointegration; Resonance frequency analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article is reported.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Implant designs used in this study. (A) External. (B) Internal.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Bone type standardization. (A) Most of the proximal area showed D3- or D4-type bone morphology. (B) To obtain D2-type bone with approximately 1.5–2 mm of cortical bone, (C) the proximal bone area was cut along the red solid line.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Implant stability analysis devices. (A) Resonance frequency analysis device. (B) Damping capacity analysis device.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Implant stability testing. (A) With a resonance frequency analysis device. (B) With a damping capacity analysis device.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Nonlinear regression model. The ISQ and IST values showed a logarithmic relationship with (A) PIT and (B) PRT.
ISQ: implant stability quotient, IST: implant stability test, PIT: peak insertion torque, PRT: peak removal torque.
Figure 6
Figure 6. Bland-Altman plot for implant stability measurements obtained using damping capacity analysis and resonance frequency analysis.
SD: standard deviation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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