Dietary Polyphenol Intake is Associated with HDL-Cholesterol and A Better Profile of other Components of the Metabolic Syndrome: A PREDIMED-Plus Sub-Study

Sara Castro-Barquero^{1

2}, Anna Tresserra-Rimbau^{2

3

4

5}, Facundo Vitelli-Storelli⁶, Mónica Doménech^{1

2}, Jordi Salas-Salvadó^{2

3

4

5}, Vicente Martín-Sánchez^{6

7}, María Rubín-García⁶, Pilar Buil-Cosiales^{2

8

9}, Dolores Corella^{2

10}, Montserrat Fitó^{2

11}, Dora Romaguera^{2

12}, Jesús Vioque^{7

13}, Ángel María Alonso-Gómez^{2

14}, Julia Wärnberg^{2

15}, José Alfredo Martínez^{2

16

17}, Luís Serra-Majem^{2

18}, Francisco José Tinahones^{2

19}, José Lapetra^{2

20}, Xavier Pintó^{2

21}, Josep Antonio Tur^{2

12

22}, Antonio Garcia-Rios²³, Laura García-Molina^{7

24}, Miguel Delgado-Rodriguez^{13

25}, Pilar Matía-Martín²⁶, Lidia Daimiel¹⁷, Josep Vidal^{27

28}, Clotilde Vázquez^{2

29}, Montserrat Cofán^{2

30}, Andrea Romanos-Nanclares⁸, Nerea Becerra-Tomas^{2

3

4

5}, Rocio Barragan^{2

10}, Olga Castañer^{2

11}, Jadwiga Konieczna^{2

12}, Sandra González-Palacios^{7

13}, Carolina Sorto-Sánchez^{2

14}, Jessica Pérez-López^{2

15}, María Angeles Zulet^{2

16

17}, Inmaculada Bautista-Castaño^{2

18}, Rosa Casas^{1

2}, Ana María Gómez-Perez^{2

19}, José Manuel Santos-Lozano^{2

20}, María Ángeles Rodríguez-Sanchez²¹, Alicia Julibert^{2

12

22}, Nerea Martín-Calvo^{2

8}, Pablo Hernández-Alonso^{2

3

4

5

31}, José V Sorlí^{2

10}, Albert Sanllorente^{2

11}, Aina María Galmés-Panadés^{2

12}, Eugenio Cases-Pérez³², Leire Goicolea-Güemez^{2

14}, Miguel Ruiz-Canela^{2

8}, Nancy Babio^{2

3

4

5}, Álvaro Hernáez^{1

2}, Rosa María Lamuela-Raventós^{2

33}, Ramon Estruch^{1

2

34}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
² Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
³ Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, 43204 Reus, Spain.
⁴ University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Nutrition Unit, 43201 Reus, Spain.
⁵ Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43201 Reus, Spain.
⁶ Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain.
⁷ CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
⁸ University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
⁹ Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
¹⁰ Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
¹¹ Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research group, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), 08007 Barcelona, Spain.
¹² Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (Research Unit), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
¹³ Miguel Hernandez University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, 03010 Alicante, Spain.
¹⁴ Bioaraba Health Research Institute; Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital; University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
¹⁵ Department of Nursing. University of Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain.
¹⁶ Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
¹⁷ Precision Nutrition Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
¹⁸ Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria & Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
¹⁹ Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA). University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
²⁰ Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41010 Sevilla, Spain.
²¹ Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
²² Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
²³ Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.
²⁴ Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
²⁵ Division of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
²⁶ Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
²⁷ CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
²⁸ Department of Endocrinology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
²⁹ Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IISFJD. University Autonoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
³⁰ Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
³¹ Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain.
³² Centro de Salud Raval, 03203 Alicante, Spain.
³³ Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
³⁴ Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.

PMID: 32143308
PMCID: PMC7146338
DOI: 10.3390/nu12030689

Dietary Polyphenol Intake is Associated with HDL-Cholesterol and A Better Profile of other Components of the Metabolic Syndrome: A PREDIMED-Plus Sub-Study

Sara Castro-Barquero et al. Nutrients. 2020.

. 2020 Mar 4;12(3):689.

doi: 10.3390/nu12030689.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
² Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
³ Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, 43204 Reus, Spain.
⁴ University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Nutrition Unit, 43201 Reus, Spain.
⁵ Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43201 Reus, Spain.
⁶ Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain.
⁷ CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
⁸ University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
⁹ Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
¹⁰ Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
¹¹ Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research group, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), 08007 Barcelona, Spain.
¹² Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (Research Unit), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
¹³ Miguel Hernandez University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, 03010 Alicante, Spain.
¹⁴ Bioaraba Health Research Institute; Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital; University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
¹⁵ Department of Nursing. University of Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain.
¹⁶ Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
¹⁷ Precision Nutrition Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
¹⁸ Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria & Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
¹⁹ Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA). University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
²⁰ Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41010 Sevilla, Spain.
²¹ Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
²² Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
²³ Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.
²⁴ Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
²⁵ Division of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
²⁶ Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
²⁷ CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
²⁸ Department of Endocrinology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
²⁹ Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IISFJD. University Autonoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
³⁰ Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
³¹ Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain.
³² Centro de Salud Raval, 03203 Alicante, Spain.
³³ Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
³⁴ Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.

PMID: 32143308
PMCID: PMC7146338
DOI: 10.3390/nu12030689

Abstract

Dietary polyphenol intake is associated with improvement of metabolic disturbances. The aims of the present study are to describe dietary polyphenol intake in a population with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to examine the association between polyphenol intake and the components of MetS. This cross-sectional analysis involved 6633 men and women included in the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterranea-Plus) study. The polyphenol content of foods was estimated from the Phenol-Explorer 3.6 database. The mean of total polyphenol intake was 846 ± 318 mg/day. Except for stilbenes, women had higher polyphenol intake than men. Total polyphenol intake was higher in older participants (>70 years of age) compared to their younger counterparts. Participants with body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m² reported lower total polyphenol, flavonoid, and stilbene intake than those with lower BMI. Total polyphenol intake was not associated with a better profile concerning MetS components, except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), although stilbenes, lignans, and other polyphenols showed an inverse association with blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and triglycerides. A direct association with HDL-c was found for all subclasses except lignans and phenolic acids. To conclude, in participants with MetS, higher intake of several polyphenol subclasses was associated with a better profile of MetS components, especially HDL-c.

Keywords: HDL-cholesterol; Mediterranean diet; glignans; metabolic syndrome; polyphenols; stilbenes.

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Conflict of interest statement

R.E. reported receiving grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and olive oil for the trial from Fundacion Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero during the conduct of the study and personal fees from Brewers of Europe, Fundación Cerveza y Salud, Interprofesional del Aceite de Oliva, Instituto Cervantes, Instituto Cervantes, Pernaud Richar, Fundación Dieta Mediterránea, Wine and Culinary International Forum; nonfinancial support from Sociedad Española de Nutrición and Fundación Bosch y Gimpera; and grants from Uriach Laboratories outside the submitted work.. R.M.L.-R. reports personal fees from Cerveceros de España, personal fees and other from Adventia, other from Ecoveritas, S.A., outside the submitted work. The rest of authors have no conflict of interest. None of the funding sources took part in the design, collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Flowchart of the participants.

**Figure 2**
Energy-adjusted subclasses of dietary polyphenol intake by metabolic syndrome components (standardized β-coefficients [95% Confidence Intervals]).

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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Dietary Polyphenol Intake is Associated with HDL-Cholesterol and A Better Profile of other Components of the Metabolic Syndrome: A PREDIMED-Plus Sub-Study

Affiliations

Dietary Polyphenol Intake is Associated with HDL-Cholesterol and A Better Profile of other Components of the Metabolic Syndrome: A PREDIMED-Plus Sub-Study

Authors

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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